Mental Disorders, Musculoskeletal Disorders and Income-Driven Patterns: Evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present study was to use the extensive Global Burden ofDiseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) database from 1990-2017 to evaluate the levels andtemporal correlation trends between disability adjusted life years (DALYs) attributed tomusculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, all mental disorders collectively and by mental disorder subcategory. Methods: We utilized results of the GBD 2017 to describe the correlation patterns betweenDALYs due to MSK disorders, mental disorders and other diseases among 195 countries. Mixedmodel analysis was also applied. Results: A consistent relation was reported between age-adjustedDALYs attributed to MSK and mental disorders (in total) among the 195 countries, in both sexes,for 1990 to 2017 (1990 Rho = 0.487; 2017 Rho =0.439 p < 0.05). Distinct regional and gender correlationpatterns between age-adjusted DALYs due to MSK and mental disorders were reported. Nocorrelation was reported between DALYs due to MSK and all mental disorders collectively, amongLow- or Middle-income countries. However, in High-income countries (HICs), the correlation wasstrong and consistent between 1990 and 2017 (1990 Rho = 0.735; 2017 Rho = 0.727, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The reported correlation patterns call for targeted preventive strategies andintervention policies for mental and MSK disorders internationally. Special attention is neededamong HICs.