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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/116225
Ambient Air Pollution and Cancer Mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study II
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The International Agency for Research on Cancer
classified both outdoor air pollution and airborne particulate
matter as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) for lung cancer.
There may be associations with cancer at other sites; however,
the epidemiological evidence is limited. OBJECTIVE: The aim of
this study was to clarify whether ambient air pollution is
associated with specific types of cancer other than lung cancer
by examining associations of ambient air pollution with nonlung
cancer death in the Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II).
METHODS: Analysis included 623,048 CPS-II participants who were
followed for 22 y (1982-2004). Modeled estimates of particulate
matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5microm (PM2.5)
(1999-2004), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (2006), and ozone (O3)
(2002-2004) concentrations were linked to the participant
residence at enrollment. Cox proportional hazards models were
used to estimate associations per each fifth percentile-mean
increment with cancer mortality at 29 anatomic sites, adjusted
for individual and ecological covariates. RESULTS: We observed
43,320 nonlung cancer deaths. PM2.5 was significantly positively
associated with death from cancers of the kidney {adjusted
hazard ratio (HR) per 4.4 mug/m3=1.14 [95% confidence interval
(CI): 1.03, 1.27]} and bladder [HR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.23)].
NO2 was positively associated with colorectal cancer mortality
[HR per 6.5 ppb=1.06 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.10). The results were
similar in two-pollutant models including PM2.5 and NO2 and in
three-pollutant models with O3. We observed no statistically
significant positive associations with death from other types of
cancer based on results from adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS: The
results from this large prospective study suggest that ambient
air pollution was not associated with death from most nonlung
cancers, but associations with kidney, bladder, and colorectal
cancer death warrant further investigation.
https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1249.
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TURNER, Michelle C., et al. Ambient Air Pollution and Cancer Mortality in the Cancer
Prevention Study II. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2017. Vol. 125, num. 8, pags. 087013. ISSN 0091-6765. [consulted: 11 of August of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/116225