15 years supporting adherence to oral anti-cancer treatment: use of the MASCC Oral Agent Teaching Tool (MOATT) worldwide, a review for the future

Abstract

IntroductionThe MASCC Oral Agent Teaching Tool (MOATT (R)) was developed to address the challenges of patient education and adherence in the context of oral anticancer agents. Despite its evidence-based design and global availability, there is limited documentation on its application in clinical practice and research. This review aims to assess the extent of MOATT usage and evaluate the impact on patient outcomes.MethodsA scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR reporting standards. Databases included CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and PubMed. Inclusion criteria were studies published between 2010 and 2023 that used MOATT in clinical practice or research. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data, with discrepancies resolved by consensus.FindingsSeventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, from nine countries. The MOATT was most used by nurses and pharmacists to guide patient education when initiating new oral anticancer therapies. Reported outcomes included improved patient knowledge, understanding of medication regimens, and comfort in managing treatments. However, only six studies assessed medication adherence, with mixed results. The tool was adapted in various settings, yet there was a notable lack of detailed reports on its usage and outcomes, highlighting underutilization and potential barriers to broader implementation.ConclusionThe MOATT is a valuable tool for supporting patients on oral anticancer agents yet is underutilized in practice. Future research should focus on understanding the barriers to its adoption, exploring patient and provider perspectives, and integrating implementation science to enhance its use in diverse clinical contexts.