Articles publicats en revistes (Institut d'lnvestigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL))

URI permanent per a aquesta col·leccióhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/67491

Estadístiques

Examinar

Mostrant 1 - 20 de 7178

Altered neurophysiological processing of social rewards in borderline personality disorder: Insights from a social media paradigm
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-07-01) Nicolaou, Stella; Lara, Germán; Belmonte, Alba; Marco Pallarés, Josep; Vega Moreno, Daniel
Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) have difficulty forming and maintaining relationships and may turn to social media to compensate for their lack of natural social rewards. However, despite evidence of increased social media use in this population, research has yet to explore how individuals with BPD respond to social media-based rewards at the neurophysiological level. To address this, we recorded EEG from 21 BPD patients and 23 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) as they engaged in a novel paradigm in which they received performance-dependent Likes and positive and negative comments on their own Instagram photos. At a behavioral level, BPD patients rated both Likes and positive comments on their photos as less pleasant than healthy controls. At a neural level, Reward Positivity (RewP) amplitudes elicited by the receipt vs. omission of positive feedback did not differ between groups. However, they were robustly correlated with borderline traits within the BPD group, such that patients with more pronounced traits showed a blunted RewP response to positive feedback, which could contribute to their difficulty in deriving pleasure from social rewards. Notably, the association between borderline traits and RewP in the BPD group was weakened when controlling for co-occurring psychopathology, suggesting that broader affective distress may contribute to this relationship. While future studies are warranted to isolate BPD-specific alterations, current findings provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms that may underlie social dysfunction in BPD.
High inappropriate red blood cell transfusion rate despite low overall use: a real-world multicenter study in 43 Spanish hospitals
(Frontiers Media, 2026-05-14) Tamayo Velasco, Álvaro; Llau Pitarch, Juan Vicente; Colomina Soler, M. J. (María José); De la Varga Martínez, Olga; Navarro Pérez, Rosalía; López Herrero, Rocío; Almoguera Fernández, Jorge; Alonso Fernández, Marta; Artiaga-Candia, María; Becerra-Bolaños, Angel; Bugueño, Natalia; Casasempere Sanus, Alma; Contreras López, Laura; Heredia Rodríguez, María; de la Fuente Graciani, Ignacio; De la Rosa-Estadella, Marta; De la Torre Riveiro, Iria; Del Val Peciña, Elena; Delgado Martí, Carla; Edo Cebollada, Laura; Fernández Fernández, Ricardo; Fernández Rodríguez, Jorge; Ferrer Gómez, Carolina; Giné Servén, Marta; González Pereira, Almudena; Guereca Gala, Ane; Herrera Soto, Aurora; Infantes Morales, Marta E.; Marcos Vidal, José Miguel; Illodo Miramontes, Gustavo; Martínez López, Adrián; Martínez Ruiz, Alberto; Martínez Rafael, Beatriz; Matute González, Adrián; Pariente Juste, Laura; Pérez González, Sonia; Gómez Pesquera, Estefania; Renedo Fernández, Ainhoa; Rodríguez Álvarez, Ángel A.; Sánchez Rodríguez, Iván; del Aranzazú Rodríguez-Conesa, María; Sánchez González, Cristina; Tobar Gonzalo, Cristina; Varela Rodríguez, Lorena; Veloso de Sousa, Rita; Muñoz Moreno, María Fe; García-Sánchez, José; Rocha García, Felipe; González Montes, Pablo; Cid Boo, Patricia; Escudero Gómez, Gabriel; Romero García, Nekane; Cots, Ana; Peñarrubia Ponce, Maria Jesus; Hornero, Roberto; Santamaría-Vázquez, Eduardo; Poves Álvarez, Rodrigo; Tamayo, Eduardo; Varela Duran, Marina; Badenes, Rafael
Background: Since their implementation in Spain, adherence of hospitals to Patient Blood Management (PBM) programs has been variable, potentially influencing transfusion practices. This study aimed to evaluate, in a real-world surgical setting, the frequency and appropriateness of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Methods: A prospective multicenter study in 43 Spanish hospitals including surgical patients. Transfusion appropriateness was evaluated using evidence-based criteria based on hemoglobin thresholds and clinical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, acute hemorrhage, or high comorbidity burden. Statistical analyses identified factors associated with transfusion practices. Results: The overall perioperative RBC transfusion rate was 9.7%, with the highest rates in cardiac (52.9%), vascular (17.9%), and orthopedic (12.3%) surgeries. RBC transfusion was associated with older patients with comorbidities, lower preoperative hemoglobin, higher ASA score and worse surgical meters and postoperative outcomes. Transfused patients showed significantly lower 60-day survival. Critically, 43% of transfusions were inappropriate, while transfusion omission (1.9%) may represent a clinical concern that warrants further investigation. Inappropriate transfusion was more frequent in older comorbidity patients according to Charlson Comorbidity Index in urgent surgery. In multivariable analysis, age was a factor associated with inappropriate transfusion, by cons, surgical blood loss was the main protective factor against inappropriate transfusion. Conclusion: As far as we know, this is the first Spanish multicenter study evaluating transfusion appropriateness in surgical scenario. Despite a lower overall transfusion rate than international figures, nearly half of transfusions were inappropriate and transfusion omission, also represents a real clinical concern. Implementation of decision-support tools and strengthened PBM protocols are needed to address factors associated with inappropriate transfusion, such as age, and to optimize patient safety and resource use.
Psychometric validation of the Cannabis Withdrawal Checklist in a Spanish sample with cannabis use disorder
(Frontiers Media, 2026-05-15) Saura, Judith; Feliu, Ariadna; Enríquez-Mestre, Marta; Roca Tutusaus, Xavier; Ballbè i Gibernau, Montse; Fu Balboa, Marcela; Segura García, Lidia; Fernández Muñoz, Esteve; Martínez Martínez, Cristina
Introduction: Cannabis is used globally. In Spain, it is often used in combination with tobacco, which may exacerbate withdrawal severity. Currently, no validated instrument exists to assess cannabis withdrawal symptoms in Spanish populations. This study aimed to validate the 15-item Cannabis (Marijuana) Withdrawal Checklist (CWC) for Spanish-speaking individuals who co-use cannabis and tobacco. Materials and methods: This psychometric validation study was nested within a multicenter longitudinal project conducted across 10 substance use treatment programs in Catalonia (Spain). The CWC was forward- and back-translated following COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) recommendations. Internal consistency, construct validity, and sensitivity to change over time were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and mixed-effects analysis. Data from 82 participants were used to conduct the validation. Results: The adapted CWC demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.918 at baseline; 0.885 at 2 weeks of treatment). EFA supported a unidimensional structure explaining approximately 60% of the variance. Although symptom severity did not significantly change over follow-up, withdrawal intensity was positively associated with the level of cannabis use. The scale effectively captured clinically relevant symptoms such as irritability, craving, and sleep difficulties. Conclusion: The Spanish CWC showed strong reliability and acceptable psychometric properties, supporting its use for assessing cannabis withdrawal symptoms in Spanish-speaking adults, particularly those who co-use tobacco products. The scale may be valuable in both research and clinical settings, particularly for monitoring withdrawal during treatment interventions. Further validation using larger, more diverse samples is warranted.
Impella 5.5 Support in Severe Cardiogenic Shock: Outcomes From the First Spanish Multicentre Cohort in Heart Transplant Centres
(Oxford University Press, 2026-05-01) Martinez-Comendador, Jose Manuel; Martin Gutierrez, Elio; Ortiz Berbel, Daniel; Alcalde, Lucia Garcia; Pedraz Prieto, Alvaro; Munoz-Guijosa, Christian; Martin Lopez, Carlos Esteban; Urso, Stefano; Rabago Juan Aracil, Gregorio; Cuenca Castillo, Jose Joaquin; Perez-Guillen, Manuel
Objectives Impella 5.5 is an established temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) device for severe cardiogenic shock. Spain, characterized by high heart transplant activity and increasing use of controlled donation after circulatory death (DCD), provides a relevant setting to evaluate its use and outcomes. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics, trajectories, and outcomes of Impella 5.5 support in the first Spanish multicentre cohort from heart transplant centres.Methods Retrospective multicentre observational study including consecutive patients supported with Impella 5.5 in hospitals with active heart transplant programmes. Baseline characteristics, Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) profile, additional support, complications, support duration, and in-hospital mortality were recorded. Outcomes were analysed across INTERMACS profiles.Results Ninety-three patients were included (33 INTERMACS 1, 37 INTERMACS 2, 23 INTERMACS 3). Additional support was required in 46%, mainly venoarterial extracorporeal life support (VA-ECLS). Device-related complications were reported as event frequencies. The predominant clinical trajectory was heart transplantation (68.8%), contrasting with international series in which long-term mechanical support and transplantation are more evenly distributed. In-hospital mortality was 43%, with a clear gradient across INTERMACS profiles 1-3 (60.6%, 37.8%, and 26.1%, respectively; P = .013). Mean support duration was 16 days, and more than one-third of transplants were from controlled DCD donors.Conclusions Impella 5.5 was used as tMCS in severe cardiogenic shock and was predominantly associated with heart transplantation in a transplant-oriented healthcare system. Outcomes were closely associated with INTERMACS profile, reflecting differences in baseline severity and patient selection. Comparisons with international registries are descriptive only. Cardiogenic shock remains one of the highest-mortality scenarios in cardiology and cardiac surgery.
Early Neurological Deterioration in Subcortical Infarcts: A Narrative Review
(MDPI, 2026-04-22) Mengual Chirife, Juan José; Montalvo, Carmen; Boned Riera, Sandra; Avellaneda Gomez, Carla; Gomez-Choco Cuesta, Manuel Jesus
Background/Objectives: Early neurological deterioration (END) is a frequent and clinically relevant complication in patients with a single small subcortical infarction (SSI), including lacunar infarction and branch atheromatous disease (BAD). Despite initially mild symptoms, END occurs in approximately 20-25% of cases and is strongly associated with poor functional outcomes. However, definitions, mechanisms, predictors, and therapeutic strategies remain heterogeneous. This review aims to synthesize current evidence regarding the incidence, pathophysiology, predictors, and management of END in SSI. Methods: We performed a narrative review of published studies addressing END in patients with lacunar stroke or SSI. We analyzed data on END definitions and incidence, imaging and clinical predictors, proposed pathophysiological mechanisms, and preventive and rescue therapeutic strategies. Results: END definitions vary across studies, most commonly defined as a >= 2-point increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale within 48-72 h. Hemodynamic compromise due to proximal perforator pathology, particularly in BAD, appears central to END development. Advanced imaging studies demonstrate perfusion abnormalities beyond the infarct core, supporting the concept of a "lacunar penumbra." Lesion topology, proximal infarct patterns, parent artery plaques, larger infarct size, and vertical extension are consistent imaging predictors. Clinical factors such as diabetes mellitus, higher baseline severity, systemic inflammation, and increased arterial stiffness further modulate risk. Preventive strategies, including early dual antiplatelet therapy and intensified antithrombotic regimens, show promising signals, while induced hypertension may benefit selected patients as a rescue therapy. However, evidence remains largely observational or derived from subgroup analyses. Conclusions: END in SSI is a multifactorial and potentially modifiable process driven by interactions between proximal vascular pathology, hemodynamic failure, and tissue vulnerability. Standardized definitions, MRI-based phenotyping, and mechanism-driven trials are needed to optimize risk stratification and develop targeted preventive and rescue strategies.
Persisting Sex Discrepancies in Short-Term Outcomes of Patients with ST-Segment Myocardial Infarction: Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry
(MDPI, 2026-05-07) De Luca, Giuseppe; Manzo-Silberman, Stephane; Zilio, Filippo; Algowhary, Magdy; Uguz, Berat; Oliveira, Dinaldo C.; Ganyukov, Vladimir; Zimbakov, Zan; Cercek, Miha; Jensen, Lisette Okkels; Loh, Poay Huan; Calmac, Lucian; Roura Ferrer, Gerard; Quadros, Alexandre; Milewski, Marek; Scotto D'uccio, Fortunato; Von Birgelen, Clemens; Versaci, Francesco; Ten Berg, Jurrien; Casella, Gianni; Lung, Aaron Wong Sung; Kala, Petr; Diez Gil, Jose Luis; Carrillo, Xavier; Dirksen, Maurits; Becerra-Munoz, Victor M.; Lee, Michael Kang-Yin; Juzar, Dafsah Arifa; De Moura Joaquim, Rodrigo; Paladino, Roberto; Milicic, Davor; Davlouros, Periklis; Bakraceski, Nikola; Donazzan, Luca; Kraaijeveld, Adriaan; Galasso, Gennaro; Arpad, Lux; Marinucci, Lucia; Guiducci, Vincenzo; Menichelli, Maurizio; Scoccia, Alessandra; Yamac, Aylin Hatice; Ugur Mert, Kadir; Flores Rios, Xacobe; Kovarnik, Tomas; Kidawa, Michal; Moreu, Jose; Flavien, Vincent; Fabris, Enrico; Martinez-Luengas, Inigo Lozano; Ojeda, Francisco Bosa; Rodriguez-Sanchez, Robert; Caiazzo, Gianluca; Cirrincione, Giuseppe; Kao, Hsien-Li; Fores, Juan Sanchis; Vignali, Luigi; Pereira, Helder; Ordonez, Santiago; Arat Ozkan, Alev; Scheller, Bruno; Lehtola, Heidi; Teles, Rui; Mantis, Christos; Antti, Ylitalo; Brum Silveira, Joao Antonio; Zoni, Rodrigo; Bessonov, Ivan; Savonitto, Stefano; Kochiadakis, George; Alexopulos, Dimitrios; Uribe, Carlos E.; Kanakakis, John; Faurie, Benjamin; Gabrielli, Gabriele; Barrios, Alejandro Gutierrez; Bachini, Juan Pablo; Rocha, Alex; Tam, Frankie Chor-Cheung; Rodriguez, Alfredo; Lukito, Antonia Anna; Bellemain-Appaix, Anne; Pessah, Gustavo; Cortese, Giuliana; Parodi, Guido; Burgadha, Mohammed Abed; Kedhi, Elvin; Lamelas, Pablo; Suryapranata, Harry; Nardin, Matteo; Verdoia, Monica
Background. Despite technological innovations and improvements in stents and devices, sex-related discrepancies are still reported in the outcomes after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), depending on biological and sex-specific pathophysiological differences, which have not been completely understood. The aim of the present study was to provide real-world data on the prognostic role of sex among patients with STEMI, enclosed into a recent up-to-date international registry. Methods. The ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 is a large-scale retrospective registry, including STEMI patients treated with mechanical reperfusion between 1 March and 30 June, 2019 and 2020. Patients, treated in 109 centers across Europe, Latin America, Southeast Asia, and North Africa, were grouped according to sex. Primary endpoint: In-hospital mortality; secondary endpoints: Time delay, 30-day mortality, and postprocedural Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 3 flow. Results. We included 16,083 patients, 24.3% females (54.3% hospitalized in 2019, 45.7% in 2020). Women with STEMI were older, more often diabetic and hypertensive (p < 0.001), with a higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.02), longer ischemia time (p = 0.01), ambulance referral (p = 0.03) and cardiogenic shock at presentation (p = 0.05), but less frequently smokers, with a previous cardiovascular event (p < 0.001) or anterior STEMI (p = 0.03) as compared to males. Preprocedural TIMI 0 flow, multivessel disease, need for thrombectomy (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively), use of Glycoprotein IIbIIIa inhibitors or cangrelor, radial access and implantation of drug-eluting stents (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) were also more common in men. Impaired postprocedural epicardial reperfusion (TIMI flow 0-2) was observed more frequently in females as compared to males (10% vs. 7.2%; adjusted OR [95% CI] = 1.30 [1.13-1.49], p = 0.01). In-hospital mortality was 5.8%, significantly higher among women (8.3% vs. 5%, p < 0.001, adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.26 [1.06-1.5], p = 0.01). Similar data were observed for 30-day mortality (10.3% vs. 6.2%, p < 0.001, adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.22 [1.06-1.38], p = 0.007). Conclusions. Among STEMI patients being treated with the most updated standard of care for primary percutaneous coronary intervention, female sex is still associated with higher complexity and impaired prognosis, displaying suboptimal epicardial reperfusion and increased in-hospital and 30-day mortality.
Ultrasound evaluation of muscle quality in rheumatoid arthritis: a reliability study of the Spanish Ultrasound Muscle Assessment in Rheumatoid Arthritis (SpUMAR) score
(Biomed Central, 2026-04-24) Molina-Collada, Juan; Bellon, Jose Maria; Blanco-Caceres, Boris; Coronel, Luis; De Agustin, Juan Jose; Estrada, P; Garmendia Sanchez, Elena; Garcia Vivar, M. Luz; Olivas-Vergara, Otto; Jimenez Nunez, Francisco Gabriel; Mayordomo, Lucia; Moragues Pastor, Carmen; Rebollo-Gimenez, Ana Isabel; Uson, Jacqueline; Vicente-Rabaneda, Esther F.; Naredo, Esperanza
Objective This study aimed to 1) develop and test the reliability of a semiquantitative ultrasound score to assess muscle quality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 2) evaluate how incorrect adjustments of ultrasound settings affect muscle quality assessment. Methods The Spanish Ultrasound Muscle Assessment in RA (SpUMAR) Score consisted of a semiquantitative 0-3 score based on the degree of loss of the normal muscle ultrasound pattern that was agreed upon by 15 rheumatologists expert in musculoskeletal ultrasound. A total of 164 static ultrasound images of the four bellies of the quadriceps muscle from 57 patients with RA were scored by the experts in two rounds. Additionally, the experts scored 20 ultrasound images that were acquired with incorrectly adjusted settings, which were interposed among the other images. Gwet's AC2, Fleiss' kappa (kappa), Cohen's kappa, applying linear weighting, were used for agreement analysis. Results The interobserver reliability of SpUMAR was moderate in both rounds (Gwet's AC2 [95% CI] 0.57 [0.54-0.60] and 0.54 [0.51-0.57], percent agreement 81.76% and 80.28%, respectively). Intraobserver reliability between the two rounds was good (Gwet's AC2 [95% CI] 0.66 [0.64-0.68]). The agreement between the scores given to the images with incorrect settings and the original scores for those images was poor in both rounds (kappa [95% CI]: 0.27 [0.21-0.33] and 0.30 [0.24-0.36], respectively). Conclusion Multiobserver assessment of muscle quality using the SpUMAR score demonstrated acceptable reliability in patients with RA. Incorrect adjustment of ultrasound settings greatly affects muscle quality scoring; therefore, their standardised optimisation is necessary for multicentre studies.
Assessing the role of ultra-processed foods in colorectal cancer incidence: insights from the EPIC cohort
(BioMed Central, 2026-04-22) Berden, Jeroen; Langselius, Oliver; Gonzalez-Gil, Esther M.; Lopez, Jessica Blanco; Nicolas, Genevieve; Srour, Bernard; Millett, Christopher; Vamos, Eszter P.; Rumgay, Harriet; Chang, Kiara; Touvier, Mathilde; Heath, Alicia K.; Kyro, Cecilie; Marques, Chloe; Jannasch, Franziska; Schulze, Matthias B.; Franco, Matteo; Zabala, Ana M. Jimenez; Tjonneland, Anne; Van Gils, Carla H.; Le Cornet, Charlotte; Cadeau, Claire; Guevara, Marcela; Sanchez, Maria-Jose; Hajji-Louati, Mariem; Crous Bou, Marta; Tumino, Rosario; Pala, Valeria; Katzke, Verena; Skeie, Guri; Vineis, Paolo; Ferrari, Pietro; Viallon, Vivian; Huybrechts, Inge
Background Studies have reported associations between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence, yet the magnitude of these associations remains unclear. This study estimated the cohort-associated fraction (CAF), adapted from the population-attributable fraction metric, between UPF consumption and CRC incidence and explored the potential benefits of substituting UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods. Methods Using data from 416,081 middle-aged adults in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, including 5,845 incident CRC cases, Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate associations between UPF consumption (grams/day) and CRC, colon and rectal cancer risks. Substitution analyses were also carried out to estimate associations of replacing UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods, to reflect potentially more interpretable estimates. CAFs quantified the magnitude of these associations. Results UPF consumption was positively associated with colon cancer (HR1-SD Increment: 1.04 [95%CI: 1.01; 1.08]) and CRC (HR1-SD Increment: 1.04 [95%CI: 1.01; 1.07]) but not with rectal cancer incidence. The CAF for UPF consumption was 5.58% (95%CI: 0.55; 10.50) for colon, and 5.10% (1.10; 9.02) for CRC incidence. Substituting 1-SD of UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods was inversely associated with colon cancer (HR: 0.93, [95%CI: 0.89; 0.97]) and CRC incidence (HR: 0.94, [95%CI: 0.92; 0.98]), in energy- and nutrient-adjusted models. In substitution models, the CAF increased to 9.67% (4.36; 14.85) for colon cancer and 7.30% (3.05; 11.48) for CRC incidence. Conclusion We estimated the magnitude of associations between UPF consumption and CRC incidence, highlighting the potential public health relevance of reducing UPF intake. Given the rising consumption of UPFs and burden of CRC incidence, public health interventions and continued research are needed to address this growing issue.
A chemotherapy-free, pathological response-adapted strategy using trastuzumab-pertuzumab and T-DM1 in HER2-positive early breast cancer: the PHERGain-2 study
(Elsevier Inc., 2026-06-01) Garrigos, L.; Ruiz-Borrego, M.; Perez-Garcia, J. M.; Guerrero-Zotano, A.; Cortes-Salgado, A.; Kuemmel, S.; Colleoni, M.; Reboredo-Rendo, C.; Bermejo, B.; Blancas, I.; Gavila, J.; Fabi, A.; Morales, C.; Stradella Trucco, Agostina; Caranana, V.; Duenas, E. Martinez-De; Albacar, C.; Ballesteros-Cidras, O.; Martrat, G.; Iacobucci, S.; Boix, O.; Berenguer-Molins, P.; Alcala-Lopez, D.; Cortes, J.; Llombart-Cussac, A.
Background: PHERGain-2 is a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study evaluating a pathologic complete response (pCR)-guided de-escalation strategy to omit chemotherapy in selected patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC). Patients and methods: Eligible patients were adults, treatment-naive, centrally confirmed HER2-positive (immunohistochemistry 3+), node-negative EBC, with tumors 5-30 mm by magnetic resonance imaging. Patients received eight cycles of neoadjuvant trastuzumab-pertuzumab (HP) (600 mg H + 1200 mg P loading dose, followed by 600 mg H + 600 mg P maintenance dose) every 3 weeks. Patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive tumors also received endocrine therapy. After surgery, patients received 10 cycles of adjuvant therapy guided by the pathological response: HP for patients with pCR (ypT0/is ypN0) (cohort A), trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1; 3.6 mg/ kg) for patients with residual invasive breast tumors and/or ypN0(i+/mol+), ypN1mi (cohort B), and optional chemotherapy followed by T-DM1 for patients with ypN1-3 (cohort C). Co-primary endpoints were 1-year health-related quality of life (HRQoL) decline (based on the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaire) and 3-year recurrence-free interval (based on the Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points). Key secondary endpoints included overall and HR-specific pCR rates and safety. Results: From August 2021 to March 2024, 396 patients initiated neoadjuvant treatment, 391 (98.7%) underwent surgery. A total of 236 patients (59.6%) achieved pCR (cohort A). Among those with residual disease, 148 (37.8%) entered cohort B and 7 (1.8%) cohort C. One year after initiation of neoadjuvant treatment, >10% decline rate in global HRQoL was 42.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) 36.9% to 48.8%]; 37.3% (95% CI 30.1% to 44.9%) in patients with pCR and 51.9% (95% CI 41.9% to 61.7%) in those with residual disease. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 86.6% of patients (5.6% grade >3). Serious adverse events occurred in 6.1% of patients. One death (0.3%) due to pneumonitis was attributed to T-DM1. Conclusions: PHERGain-2 shows meaningful HRQoL preservation, expected HP/T-DM1 toxicity, and an outstanding pCR rate comparable with standard chemotherapy plus HP regimens in this patient population.
Determinants of long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine discontinuation in real-world HIV care: insights from the relativity cohort
(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2026-07-01) Troya, Jesús; Montes, Maria Luisa; Galindo, Maria Jose; Sanchez-Lopez, Maria Belen; Pelazas-Gonzalez, Ricardo; Torralba, Miguel; Diaz De Santiago, Alberto; Fanjul, Francisco; Rodriguez, Adrian; Cabello, Alfonso; Crusells-Canales, Maria Jose; Navarro, Maria Del Carmen; Aguilera, Maria; Hidalgo, Carmen; Morano, Luis Enrique; Vinuesa-Garcia, David; David, Carlos De Andres; Bernal, Enrique; Martinez-Alvarez, Rosa Maria; Romero, Alberto; Tiraboschi Tiraboschi, Juan Manuel; Gimeno-Garcia, Alejandra; Ferreira, Eva Maria; Losa-Garcia, Juan Emilio; Pedrero-Tome, Roberto; Buzon-Martin, Luis
Objectives: To evaluate real-world persistence with long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (CAB+RPV LA) in a nationwide cohort of virologically suppressed adults, describe the main clinical and structural reasons for discontinuation, and identify predictors of early interruption in routine practice. Design: Ambispective, multicenter cohort study assessing the durability, safety, adherence, and virological outcomes of CAB+RPV LA implementation across 58 Spanish healthcare settings. Methods: Adults initiating CAB+RPV LA therapy were enrolled using standardized electronic tools. Baseline demographics, comorbidities, HIV and virological variables, and injection timing were recorded. Permanent discontinuations were attributed to systemic adverse events, injection-site reactions, virological failure (VF), or nonclinical causes. The virological endpoints were aligned, although not identical, to the CONSENSUS-LAI criteria. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox models were used to identify the independent predictors. Results: Among 3146 virologically suppressed participants, 199 (6.3%) permanently discontinued therapy over a median 13.8-month follow-up. Discontinuation was more frequent among women (21.6 vs. 14.4%; P = 0.007), foreign-born individuals (42.9 vs. 29.5%; P < 0.001), those with a higher BMI, and those with shorter prior suppression periods. injection-site reaction- and systemic adverse event-related discontinuations were rare (1.2 and 0.7%, respectively), whereas structural reasons accounted for 3.5%. VF occurred in 20 participants (0.6%). Adjusted analyses showed that age >= 70 years [hazard ratio (HR) 5.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.91-15.32] and foreign nationality (HR 2.06; 95% CI 1.48-2.86) independently increased discontinuation risk, whereas male sex (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.44-0.96) and longer suppression (HR/day 0.99; P = 0.036) were protective. Conclusions: In this large national cohort, CAB+RPV LA demonstrated strong persistence, excellent tolerability, and very low rates of VF. Discontinuations were mainly structural, highlighting the need to reinforce continuity-of-care pathways and system-level support for optimal CAB+RPV LA scale-up.
Neuro-immunobiology and treatment assessment in a mouse model of anti-NMDAR encephalitis
(Oxford University Press, 2025-04-15) Maudes Garcia, Estíbaliz; Planaguma i Valls, Jesus; Marmolejo, Laura; Radosevic, Marija; Serafim, Ana Beatriz; Aguilar Creixenti, Esther; Sindreu Balet, Carles; Landa Medrano, Jon; Garcia Serra, Anna; Mannara, Francesco; Cunquero, Marina; Smit, Anna; Milano, Chiara; Peixoto Moledo, Paula; Guasp, Mar; Ruiz García, Raquel; Gray, Sarah M; Spatola, Marianna; Loza-Alvarez, Pablo; Sabater Baudet, Lidia; Matute, Carlos; Dalmau Obrador, Josep
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a disorder mediated by autoantibodies against the GluN1 subunit of NMDAR. It occurs with severe neuropsychiatric symptoms that often improve with immunotherapy. Clinical studies and animal models based on patients' antibody transfer or NMDAR immunization suggest that the autoantibodies play a major pathogenic role. Yet, there is an important need for models offering an all-inclusive neuro-immunobiology of the disease together with a clinical course long enough to facilitate the assessment of potential new treatments.To develop such a model, eight-week-old female mice (C57BL/6J) were immunized (Days 1 and 28) with GluN1356-385 peptide or saline with AddaVaxTM adjuvant and pertussis toxin. After developing behavioural alterations (similar to Day 35), subsets of mice were treated with an anti-CD20 (Day 35), a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of NMDAR (PAM-NMDAR, SGE-301) from Days 45 to 71, or both. GluN1-antibody synthesis, epitope spreading, effects of antibodies on density and function of NMDAR, brain immunological infiltrates, microglial activation and NMDAR phagocytosis, and antibody synthesis in cultured inguinal and deep cervical lymph nodes were assessed with techniques including immunohistochemistry, calcium imaging, confocal and super-resolution microscopy, electrophysiology and flow cytometry. Changes in memory and behaviour were assessed with a panel of behavioural tests and clinical/subclinical seizures with brain-implanted electrodes.Immunized mice, but not controls, developed serum and CSF NMDAR-antibodies (100% IgG1, 40% IgG2) against the immunizing peptide and other GluN1 regions (epitope spreading) resulting in a decrease of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDAR clusters and reduction of hippocampal plasticity. These findings were associated with brain inflammatory infiltrates, mainly B- and plasma cells, microglial activation, co-localization of NMDAR-IgG complexes with microglia, and presence of these complexes within microglial endosomes. Cultures of DCLC showed GluN1-antibody synthesis. These findings were associated with psychotic-like behaviour (predominant at disease onset), memory deficit, depressive-like behaviour, abnormal movements (14% of mice), and lower threshold for developing pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures (hypoactivity, myoclonic jerks, continuous tonic-clonic), which correlated with regional cFOS expression. Most behavioural signs and neurobiological alterations were reversed by the anti-CD20 and PAM-NMDAR, alone or combined. Initial repopulation of B cells, by the end of the study, was associated with re-emergence of clinical-neurobiological alterations, which were abrogated by PAM-NMDAR.This model offers an all-inclusive neuro-immunobiology of the disease, allowing for the testing of novel treatments, supporting the potential therapeutic role of PAM-NMDAR, and suggesting an immunological paradigm of systemic antigen presentation and brain NMDAR epitope spreading, which along the deep cervical lymph nodes, might contribute to fine-tune the polyclonal immune response. Maudes et al. have developed a mouse model of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, an autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies against the GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor. The model provides a platform for studying the underlying disease mechanisms, and enables testing of new treatments over an extended disease course.
Durvalumab plus tremelimumab for the treatment of patients with progressive, refractory advanced thyroid carcinoma: the phase II GETNE-DUTHY trial
(Springer Nature, 2026-04-04) Capdevila, Jaume; Hernando, Jorge; Molina-Cerillo, Javier; Plana Serrahima, María; Taberna Sanz, Miren; Castelo, Beatriz; Alvarez-Escola, Cristina; Carmona-Bayonas, Alberto; Ballester Navarro, Inmaculada; Iglesias, Lara; Bover, Mateo; Garcia-Alvarez, Alejandro; Lavernia, Javier; Yaya Tur, Ricardo; Ruiz, Sofia; Baste, Neus; Lorenzo-Lorenzo, Isabel; Sanchez-Hernandez, Alfredo; Sanz-Garcia, Enrique; Marquina, Gloria; Nuciforo, Paolo; Elguero, Belen; Grande, Enrique; Alonso-Gordoa, Teresa
Single-agent PD-1 blockade demonstrated promising efficacy in advanced thyroid cancer. The phase II, single-arm, multi-cohort GETNE-DUTHY trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03753919, EudraCT 2018-001066-42) aimed to determine whether dual anti-PD-L1/CTLA-4 inhibition using durvalumab and tremelimumab can improve the clinical outcomes in advanced thyroid cancer. Three parallel cohorts including patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (Cohort 1, n = 37), medullary thyroid carcinoma (Cohort 2, n = 30), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (Cohort 3, n = 12) were recruited. Cohort 1 and 2 included patients following progression to previous standard systemic therapy and in Cohort 3 were recruited regardless of previous therapy. The primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival rate for Cohort 1 and 2 and 6-month overall survival rate for Cohort 3. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety. The 6-month progression-free survival rates were 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.4-51.6) (Cohort 1) and 40.8% (95% CI: 26.3-63.6) (Cohort 2); 6-month overall survival rate was 65.6% (95% CI: 43.2-99.8) (Cohort 3). The objective response rates were 8%, 10%, and 33% for Cohort 1, 2, and 3, respectively. No additional safety signals observed. Durvalumab plus tremelimumab treatment in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma met the primary endpoint of this study, showing encouraging survival outcomes.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-low/-ultralow metastatic breast cancer (DESTINY-Breast06): outcome analyses by time to progression on prior first-line endocrine therapy with CDK4/6 inhibitor and baseline burden of disease
(Elsevier, 2026-06-01) Curigliano, G.; Hu, X.; Dent, R.; Yonemori, K.; Barrios, C. H.; Pierga, J. -Y.; Puglisi, F.; Ferrero, J. -M.; Jung, K. H.; Bagegni, N. A.; Collignon, J.; Gil Gil, Juan Miguel; Wu, X.; Andrzejuk-Cwik, A.; Schwaederle, M.; Anand, S.; Bardia, A.
Background: In DESTINY-Breast06, trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus physician's choice of chemotherapy (TPC) for patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low/-ultralow metastatic breast cancer (mBC), without new safety signals. We report additional analyses exploring outcomes for patients with characteristics that affect prognosis. Patients and methods: Patients were randomly assigned 1 : 1 to receive T-DXd (5.4 mg/kg) once every 3 weeks or TPC. Subgroups were specified post hoc from the intent-to-treat population (N = 866). Outcomes were PFS, objective response rate (ORR), and duration of response (DOR) by blinded independent central review via RECIST 1.1. Time from randomization until second progression or death (PFS2) by investigator and safety were also assessed. Results: Within subgroups, baseline disease characteristics and prior therapies were balanced across treatments. Median PFS (95% confidence interval) favored T-DXd versus TPC regardless of time to progression (TTP) on prior first-line endocrine therapy (ET) + cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i): <6 months: 14.0 (11.2-15.9) versus 6.5 (4.2-8.4) months for T-DXd versus TPC; 6-12 months: 13.2 (8.6-16.4) versus 6.9 (4.3-10.4) months; >12 months: 12.9 (9.8-17.1) versus 8.2 (6.9-10.9) months. A consistent PFS benefit with T-DXd over TPC was observed for patients with primary or secondary endocrine resistance, and across indicators of high or low disease burden (defined as visceral/non-visceral disease, presence/absence of liver metastases, three or more/less than three disease sites, and >median/<= median baseline tumor size). In all subgroups, confirmed ORR favored T-DXd (36.7% to 67.7%) versus TPC (16.7% to 37.5%), and median DOR (confirmed response) was longer with T-DXd. T-DXd also prolonged PFS2 versus TPC across subgroups. Safety profiles of T-DXd and TPC in subgroups were consistent with the overall safety population. Conclusions: These data support T-DXd as a broadly efficacious treatment for patients with HR-positive, HER2-low/-ultralow mBC after one or more ETs, regardless of TTP on prior first-line ET + CDK4/6i, endocrine resistance, or disease burden.
Genomic analysis of T Cell receptors reveals lynch syndrome specific immune signatures
(Springer Nature, 2026-04-03) Deng, Nan; Duzagac, Fahriye; Bolivar, Ana M.; Reyes-Uribe, Laura; Taggart, Melissa W.; Thirumurthi, Selvi; Ricciardiello, Luigi; Lynch, Patrick M.; You, Y. Nancy; Kopetz, Scott; Scheet, Paul; Lizee, Gregory A.; Reuben, Alexandre; Marín Nieto, Fátima; Pineda Riu, Marta; Sinha, Krishna M.; Bansal, Ajay; Capellá Munar, Gabriel; Vilar, Eduardo
Lynch Syndrome (LS) provides the perfect context to understand DNA mismatch repair deficient carcinogenesis, which is characterized by neoplastic lesions with high rates of shared neoantigens eliciting adaptive immunity through T cell receptor (TCR) recognition. However, the TCR landscape in LS carriers remains unexplored. Here, we perform TCR sequencing of 277 blood samples from LS cancer survivors, previvors, and controls, as well as matching colorectal cancers and pre-cancers. We show that up to 41% of the most expanded TCR beta s from colorectal neoplasms are detectable in the blood of LS carriers, while showing minimal expansion in controls. In addition, we develop and validate a classification model that distinguishes LS carriers from controls using circulating TCR beta s signatures associated with LS independent of thecancer history and with cancer-free LS previvors. Together, our findings characterize circulating and tissue TCR beta s associated with LS, thus representing a step toward identifying blood-based TCR biomarkers for immune surveillance.
Plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and pancreatic cancer risk
(Oxford University Press, 2022-05-01) Chajès, Véronique; González, Carlos Alberto; Gunter, Marc J.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Riboli, Elio; Duell, Eric J.; Katzke, Verena; Vineis, Paolo; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Donat Vargas, Carolina; Aune, Dagfinn; Heath, Alicia K.; Cirera, Lluís; Alguacil, Juan; Giménez-Robert, Àlex; Tjønneland, Anne; Sund, Malin; Porta, Marta; Gasull, Magda; Pumarega, José; Kiviranta, Hannu; Rantakokko, Panu; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole; Sandanger, Torkjel M.; Agudo Trigueros, Antonio; Rylander, Charlotta; Overvad, Kim; Mancini, Francesca Romana; Rebours, Vinciane; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Kaaks, Rudolf; Schulze, Matthias B.; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Palli, Domenico; Grioni, Sara; Tumino, Rosario; Naccarati, Alessio; Panico, Salvatore; Vermeulen, Roel; Quirós, José Ramón; Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra; Chirlaque, María Dolores; Ardanaz, Eva; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Key, Timothy J.; Johansson, Mattias; Murphy, Neil; Ferrari, Pietro; Huybrechts, Inge; Bergdahl, Ingvar A.; Goñi-Irigoyen, Fernando; Bueno de Mesquita, H. Bas
Background: Findings and limitations of previous studies on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and pancreatic cancer risk support conducting further research in prospective cohorts.</p><p>Methods: We conducted a prospective case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Participants were 513 pancreatic cancer cases and 1020 matched controls. Concentrations of 22 POPs were measured in plasma collected at baseline. Results: Some associations were observed at higher concentrations of p, p'-DDT, trans-nonachlor, β-hexachlorocyclohexane and the sum of six organochlorine pesticides and of 16 POPs. The odds ratio (OR) for the upper quartile of trans-nonachlor was 1.55 (95% confidence interval 1.06-2.26; P for trend = 0.025). Associations were stronger in the groups predefined as most valid (participants having fasted >6 h, with microscopic diagnostic confirmation, normal weight, and never smokers), and as most relevant (follow-up ≥10 years). Among participants having fasted >6 h, the ORs were relevant for 10 of 11 exposures. Higher ORs were also observed among cases with microscopic confirmation than in cases with a clinical diagnosis, and among normal-weight participants than in the rest of participants. Among participants with a follow-up ≥10 years, estimates were higher than in participants with a shorter follow-up (for trans-nonachlor: OR = 2.14, 1.01 to 4.53, P for trend = 0.035). Overall, trans-nonachlor, three PCBs and the two sums of POPs were the exposures most clearly associated with pancreatic cancer risk.</p><p>Conclusions: Individually or in combination, most of the 22 POPs analysed did not or only moderately increased the risk of pancreatic cancer.
Clinical effectiveness of intensive care unit admission in older adults with COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave in Spain
(BioMed Central, 2026-05-22) Arroyo Huidobro, Marta; Pérez-López, C.; Pallarès, Natàlia; Tebé, Cristian; Simonetti, Antonella Francesca; Abelenda Alonso, Gabriela; Rombauts, Alexander; Bermudez, Isabel Oriol; Izquierdo, Elisenda; Díaz Brito, Vicens; Molist, Gemma; Gómez Melis, Guadalupe; Videla, Sebastià; López-Soto, Alfonso; Carratalà, Jordi; Rodríguez-Molinero, Alejandro; Gudiol González, Carlota; Aranda-Lobo, Judit; Sanmartí Vilamala, Montserrat; Moreno, Encarna; Alvarez, Maria C.; Faura, Anna; González Bàrcenas, Martha; Cruz, Patricia; Colom, Mireia; Perez, Andrea; Serrano, Laura; Besalú, Mireia; Cobo Valeri, Erik; Cortés Martínez, Jordi; Fernández-Martínez, Daniel; Garmendia, Leire; Hereu Boher, Pilar; Langohr, Klaus; Pérez-Álvarez, Núria; Piulachs Lozada-Benavente, Xavier
Objective: To evaluate the impact of ICU admission on mortality and complications of older patients with COVID-19 hospitalized during the first COVID-19 wave in our setting. Methods :An observational, multicenter, and ambispective study of COVID-19 patients aged > 70 years who were hospitalized during the first wave of the pandemic in the southern metropolitan area of Barcelona, Spain. The primary outcome of the study was the in-hospital mortality rate of patients admitted to the ICU compared with their appropriately matched controls who received care in hospital wards. The secondary outcome was the in-hospital rate of complications in ICU-admitted patients versus their matched controls. Results: The mortality rate was 76.6% in ICU-admitted patients and 64.9% among their matched controls, whereas the corresponding rates of complications were 73.5% and 32.4%, respectively. ICU admission shows a statistically significant impact on mortality (OR [95% CI] 2.50 [1.06–6.05]; p = 0.041). Additionally, complications were four times more likely in patients who were admitted to ICUs than in those admitted to general wards (OR [95% CI] 4.03 [1.64–9.91]; p = 0.0024). Conclusions: ICU admission was not associated with improved survival in patients older than 70 years during the first COVID-19 wave. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to assess the adequacy of ICU admission criteria for elderly patients.
Integration of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Clinical Practice for Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey
(MDPI, 2026-05-08) Dragan, Tatiana; Hubel, Niclas; Lehmann, Jens; Taylor, Katherine J.; Bultijnck, Renee; Gaspert, Tihana; Lorini, Luigi; Bourbonne, Vincent; Beddok, Arnaud; Tomasik, Bartlomiej; Nevens, Daan; Cavalieri, Stefano; Gomez, Ruth Gabriela Herrera; Looman, Esmee Lauren; Zsuzsanna, Iyizoba-Ebozue; Kraja, Fatjona; Lidington, Emma; Lengyel, Csongor Gyorgy; Oliva Bernal, Marc; Petruzzi, Gerardo; Gomes, Ana Varges; Hernandez, Maria Pilar Solis; Zanten, Sophie Veldhuijzen Van; Brenes Castro, Jesús; Caparrotti, Francesca; Fanetti, Giuseppe; Eller, Yannick G.; Gottardi, Chiara; Wishart, Laurelie R.; Szturz, Petr
Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) and its multimodal treatment substantially impair speech, swallowing, breathing, appearance, and psychosocial well-being. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) improve symptom monitoring and quality of life in oncology, yet their integration into routine HNC care remains inconsistent. This study assessed patterns of PROM use, perceived value, and barriers to implementation among healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in HNC care. Methods: A 30-item cross-sectional survey was distributed to HCPs treating HNC patients between June 2024 and April 2025. The questionnaire explored PROM use in clinical practice and trials, perceived relevance across care phases, and implementation barriers. Respondents were classified as non-users, occasional users, or regular users. Data were analyzed descriptively with comparisons between groups. Results: Among 133 respondents, 33.8% were non-users, 29.3% occasional users, and 36.8% regular users of PROMs. Users reported inviting half of patients to complete PROMs, predominantly via paper-based questionnaires (67.8%). PROMs were mainly applied during active treatment and early follow-up to monitor symptoms, overall health, and emotional well-being, and were less frequently used to guide treatment decisions. The EORTC QLQ-C30 and HNC-specific tools were most commonly reported. Compared with users, non-users more often cited lack of time, limited training in interpreting PROM data, insufficient institutional support, resource constraints, and lack of appropriate instruments (all p < 0.05). PROM use in clinical trials was associated with routine use (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Although PROMs are widely valued in HNC care, their integration into clinical decision-making remains limited. Addressing organizational, educational, and digital barriers is essential to support sustainable implementation.
Vertical and Horizontal Ridge Augmentation with Titanium-Reinforced Dense PTFE and Reinforced PTFE Mesh: A Prospective Comparative Case Series
(MDPI, 2026-05-07) Silva, Liliana Andrea; Gomes, Pedro Sousa; Fernandes, Maria Helena; García García, Marta; Camps Font, Octavi
Objectives: This study aimed to compare vertical bone gain (VBG) and horizontal bone gain (HBG) after guided bone regeneration using titanium-reinforced dense PTFE (TiR-dPTFE) versus reinforced PTFE mesh (RPM) at 9 and 12 months on three-dimensional tomographic imaging, and to perform histological assessment in selected cases. Materials and Methods: This prospective comparative case series included 14 patients (46 vertical ridge defect sites) treated with guided bone regeneration using either Ti-reinforced dPTFE membranes (TiR-dPTFE; n = 23) or resorbable porcine collagen membranes (RPM; n = 23). All sites received a 60:40 mixture of autogenous bone chips and anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM). After 9 months, during implant placement, a protective secondary augmentation using a 70:30 ABBM/autogenous mixture was performed and covered with a collagen membrane. Vertical and horizontal bone gain (VBG, HBG) were assessed on standardized matched CBCT cross-sections obtained at 9 and 12 months. Core biopsies were harvested at implant placement (9 months) for histological evaluation. Surgical and healing complications were recorded. Results: Both membranes produced significant VBG. TiR-dPTFE achieved greater VBG than RPM at 9 months (p = 0.045) and 12 months (p = 0.012) and remained stable from 9 to 12 months, whereas RPM showed a significant decline over time (MDa −0.48 mm; 95% CI −0.64 to −0.31; p < 0.001). HBG was similar between groups at both time points (p = 0.918 and p = 0.922). No major clinical complications occurred. Histology at 9 months confirmed vital bone formation and graft integration in both groups. Conclusions: Both TiR-dPTFE and RPM are reliable options for vertical ridge augmentation; TiR-dPTFE yielded superior and more stable vertical gains over 12 months, with comparable horizontal outcomes. Clinical Relevance: TiR-dPTFE may offer enhanced vertical augmentation, while both membranes remain suitable for implant site development.
Risk of orofacial injuries and mouthguard use in water polo players
(John Wiley & Sons, 2018-12-01) Zamora Olave, Carla; Willaert, Eva; Montero Blesa, Ariadna; Riera-Punet, Nina; Martínez Gomis, Jordi
Background/aim: The incidence of orofacial injuries and the use of mouthguards in water polo players have not been well established. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of orofacial injuries in water polo players. Frequency of mouthguard use, the types of mouthguards used and the degree of interference with oral functions were also assessed. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 347 water polo players completed a questionnaire about the orofacial injuries suffered in the 2015-2016 season and the experience of using a mouthguard, such as the type of mouthguard used and the degree of interference with oral functions. Results: In the 2015-2016 season, 57.9% of the players reported at least one orofacial injury, with mean numbers of 2.7 oral lacerations, 0.4 episodes of temporomandibular pain and 0.06 dental injuries. Among the 35 players (10.1%) who had tried a mouthguard, only four (1.2%) used it habitually. Some players had tried more than one type of mouthguard; 26 had tried the mouth-formed type; 11 the custom-made type; and 7 the prefabricated mouthguard. Custom-made mouthguards were rated as more comfortable than the mouth-formed type (P < 0.05). The main disadvantages of mouth-formed mouthguards were interferences with speaking, breathing and swallowing. Conclusions: The incidence of orofacial injuries in water polo players is high. Although some players had tried a mouthguard, mainly the mouth-formed type, most of them do not wear them routinely for training and competition.
Bilingualism as a potential protective factor for cognition and language in brain tumor
(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2026-08-06) Gasa-Roqué, Anna; Gabarrós, Andreu; Fernández Coello, Alejandro; Rico, Imma; Cerdà Company, Xim; Sierpowska, Joanna; Rodríguez Fornells, Antoni
Bilingualism modulates structural and functional brain properties and hence sculpts cognition and language. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether this effect of bilingualism on cognition and language processing is preserved when a primary left-dominant hemisphere brain tumor is present. Results from a large sample of individuals (n = 119) showed higher performance of bilinguals in lexico-semantic, nonword repetition, verbal fluency and attention/short-term memory tasks at the presurgery assessment. The beneficial effect of bilingualism on semantic knowledge, nonword repetition and phonological verbal fluency was maintained regardless of the type of brain tumor, whereas the bilingual effect on semantic verbal fluency was influenced by the type of tumor. Moreover, the machine learning results indicated that the lexico-semantic association task was the best predictor of bilingualism. Our results provided the first evidence of bilingualism as a protective factor for cognition of patients with a brain tumor diagnosis, most probably for language-learning abilities.

Examinar

Enviaments recents