Gender inequality in the workplace: The lack of women in upper management positions

Abstract

The underrepresentation of women in upper management positions is a complex and multifaceted issue. Conditions such as sociocultural factors and corporate structures make upward mobility harder for women, who often find themselves in disadvantage due to career breaks, precarious working conditions, and lack of access to training and mentoring programs. The fact that gender stereotypes are broadly present among people, reflects how women continue to be associated with roles related to household chores and child caring. Consequently, women are vertically segregated in workplaces and the top rungs of organizations remain heavily dominated by men. The promotion of family-friendly policies is a significant tool to reconcile the private and professional life of women and to support equal distribution of family responsibilities.