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ijms-23-06341-v2.pdf (1.49 MB)

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2022-06-06

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cc by (c) Ferrer, Isidro (Ferrer Abizanda) et al., 2022
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/187049

The Primary Microglial Leukodystrophies: A Review

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116341

Abstract

Primary microglial leukodystrophy or leukoencephalopathy are disorders in which a genetic defect linked to microglia causes cerebral white matter damage. Pigmented orthochromatic leukodystrophy, adult-onset orthochromatic leukodystrophy associated with pigmented macrophages, hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with (axonal) spheroids, and adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) are different terms apparently used to designate the same disease. However, ALSP linked to dominantly inherited mutations in CSF1R (colony stimulating factor receptor 1) cause CSF-1R-related leukoencephalopathy (CRP). Yet, recessive ALSP with ovarian failure linked to AARS2 (alanyl-transfer (t)RNA synthase 2) mutations (LKENP) is a mitochondrial disease and not a primary microglial leukoencephalopathy. Polycystic membranous lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL; Nasu-Hakola disease: NHD) is a systemic disease affecting bones, cerebral white matter, selected grey nuclei, and adipose tissue The disease is caused by mutations of one of the two genes TYROBP or TREM2, identified as PLOSL1 and PLOSL2, respectively. TYROBP associates with receptors expressed in NK cells, B and T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages, and microglia. TREM2 encodes the protein TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2), which forms a receptor signalling complex with TYROBP in macrophages and dendritic cells. Rather than pure microglial leukoencephalopathy, NHD can be considered a multisystemic immunological disease.

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Micròglia, Malalties hereditàries

Subject (English)

Microglia, Genetic diseases

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Articles publicats en revistes (Institut d'lnvestigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL))

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FERRER, Isidro (Ferrer Abizanda). The Primary Microglial Leukodystrophies: A Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022. Vol. 23, num. 11, pags. 6341. ISSN 1422-0067. [consulted: 8 of August of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/187049

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