Problematic usage of the internet: A policy map of the use of internet and its possible mental health consequences in adolescents across United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Australia, Canada, the United States, and New Zealand

Abstract

This work analyses policies related to the Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI) and its relationships to adolescent mental health across the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Australia, Canada, the United States, and New Zealand. Using a policy path dependency framework, national legislation was examined to assess relationships with PUI. The study maps policy by reviewing governmental legislation and databases, analysing them on macro (societal), meso (market/intermediary organisations), and micro (citizen rights, duties, and protection) levels. It explores legal instruments related to PUI, including data protection, cybersecurity, content regulation, and harassment, offering both historical and comparative analyses across the eight countries. Findings indicate that while several countries have policies indirectly regulating PUI, significant legislative gaps persist relating to adolescent mental health. Most policies address broader internet concerns without specifically targeting PUI or its effects on mental health. Overall, the analysis highlights the need for more targeted public health policies to address the root causes of PUI, advocating for tailored interventions focused on adolescent well-being.