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2020-04-01

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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/162839

Membrane Vesicles from the Gut Microbiota and Their Interactions with the Host

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36331-4_9

Abstract

Gut microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and human health. Microbiota establishes a complex network of dynamic and reciprocal interactions with the intestinal epithelium and immune system. The mucin layer that covers the epithelium prevents luminal bacteria from accessing host cells. Thus, microbiota–host communication mainly relies on secreted factors and membrane vesicles (MVs), which can cross the inner mucus layer and reach the epithelium. This chapter focuses on the role of microbiota-secreted MVs as key players in signaling processes in the intestinal mucosa. This is an emerging research topic, with the first reports dating from 2012. Microbiota-derived MVs are involved in interspecies communication in the gut, between bacteria and between microbiota and host. Here we present current knowledge on the mechanisms used by microbiota MVs to assist and control the gut microbial community and to modulate host immune and defense responses. Constant stimulation of immune receptors by microbiota MVs results in tightly controlled inflammation that contributes to tolerogenic responses essential to maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Moreover, gut microbiota MVs are emerging as physical vehicles for distribution and delivery of bacterial effectors to distal tissues in human health and disease.

Subject

Tracte gastrointestinal, Microbiota, Homeòstasi

Subject (English)

Gastrointestinal system, Microbiota, Homeostasis

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Llibres / Capítols de llibre (Bioquímica i Fisiologia)
Llibres / Capítols de llibre (Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB))

Citation

BADÍA PALACÍN, Josefa and BALDOMÀ LLAVINÉS, Laura. Membrane Vesicles from the Gut Microbiota and Their Interactions with the Host. In: Kaparakis-Liaskos M.. Kufer T. (eds). Bacterial Membrane Vesicles. Biogenesis. Vol. Springer Nature, num. http://doi. [consulted: 16 of June of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/162839

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