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Si us plau utilitzeu sempre aquest identificador per citar o enllaçar aquest document: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/176065
Dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy among an older Spanish population with metabolic syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional analysis
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Dietary guidelines emphasize the importance of a varied diet to provide an adequate nutrient intake. However, an older age is often associated with consumption of monotonous diets that can be nutritionally inadequate, increasing the risk for the development or progression of diet-related chronic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). To assess the association between dietary diversity (DD) and nutrient intake adequacy and to identify demographic variables associated with DD, we cross-sectionally analyzed baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial: 6587 Spanish adults aged 55-75 years, with overweight/obesity who also had MetS. An energy-adjusted dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated using a 143-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient inadequacy was defined as an intake below 2/3 of the dietary reference intake (DRI) forat least four of 17 nutrients proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between DDS and the risk of nutritionally inadequate intakes. In the higher DDS quartile there were more women and less current smokers. Compared with subjects in the highest DDS quartile, those in the lowest DDS quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake: odds ratio (OR) = 28.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 20.80-39.21). When we estimated food varietyfor each of the food groups, participants in the lowest quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake for the groups of vegetables, OR = 14.03 (95% CI 10.55-18.65), fruits OR = 11.62 (95% CI 6.81-19.81), dairy products OR = 6.54 (95% CI 4.64-9.22) and protein foods OR = 6.60 (95% CI 1.96-22.24). As DDS decreased, the risk of inadequate nutrients intake rose. Given the impact of nutrient intake adequacy on the prevention of non-communicable diseases, health policies should focus on the promotion of a healthy varied diet, specifically promoting the intake of vegetables and fruit among population groups with lower DDS such as men, smokers or widow(er)s.
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CANO IBÁÑEZ, Naomi, GEA, Alfredo, MARTÍNEZ-GONZÁLEZ, Miguel ángel, SALAS SALVADÓ, Jordi, CORELLA PIQUER, Dolores, ZOMEÑO FAJARDO, María dolores, ROMAGUERA, Dora, VIOQUE, Jesús, ARÓS, Fernando, WÄRNBERG, Julia, MARTÍNEZ, J. alfredo, SERRA MAJEM, Lluís, ESTRUCH RIBA, Ramon, TINAHONES, Francisco j., LAPETRA, José, PINTÓ SALA, Xavier, TUR, Josep antoni, GARCÍA RIOS, Antonio, RIQUELME GALLEGO, Blanca, DELGADO RODRÍGUEZ, Miguel, MATÍA MARTÍN, Pilar, DAIMIEL, Lidia, MARTÍN SÁNCHEZ, Vicente, VIDAL I CORTADA, Josep, VÁZQUEZ, Clotilde, ROS RAHOLA, Emilio, BUIL COSIALES, Pilar, DÍAZ LÓPEZ, Andrés, FERNÁNDEZ CARRIÓN, Rebeca, FITÓ COLOMER, Montserrat, KONIECZNA, Jadwiga, NOTARIO BARANDIARAN, Leyre, ALONSO GÓMEZ, Ángel m., CONTRERAS-FERNANDEZ, Eugenio, ABETE, Itziar, SÁNCHEZ-VILLEGAS, Almudena, CASAS RODRÍGUEZ, Rosa m., MUÑOZ-GARACH, Araceli, SANTOS LOZANO, José manuel, GALLARDO-ALFARO, Laura. Dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy among an older Spanish population with metabolic syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional analysis. _Nutrients_. 2019. Vol. 11, núm. 5, pàgs. 958. [consulta: 14 de gener de 2026]. ISSN: 2072-6643. [Disponible a: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/176065]