Peripheral giant cell granuloma associated with a dental implant: a case report

Abstract

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a reactive exophytic lesion classified as a benign tumor of the oral mucosa. Although its etiology is not clear, it may be a consequence of local chronic irritation or persistent trauma. The objective of this case report was to document the main clinical and histopathological characteristics of a patient with a PGCG associated with a dental implant. A 36 years-old man presented a partly-ulcerated violet-colored sessile-based tumor in the buccal aspect of an implant placed in the fourth quadrant. Radiographically, the implant had one third of marginal bone loss. Differential diagnosis included PGCG and pyogenic granuloma. The implant and the lesion were removed and the histopathological diagnosis was PGCG. After 6 months, there was no evidence of relapse. Peripheral giant cell granulomas may appear in implants that have suffered bone loss. When facing with peri-implant soft tissue lesions, it is advisable to perform an anatomopathological study to obtain a correct diagnosis, to establish an adequate treatment plan, and to rule out malignant lesions.