Efficacy of bone morphogenetic protein in comparison with autogenous bonin regeneration of ameloblastoma bone defects. A systematic review

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the evidence comparing bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and autogenous bone grafts (ABGs) for regenerating bone defects from ameloblastoma. Material and methods: An electronic search was performed in PubMed and Scopus from October to December 2023, supplemented by manual searches and review of relevant study reference lists. Cohen's kappa was calculated to assess the interrater reliability between two independent investigators. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the selected articles was assessed using the JBI checklist for case series and the NOS for observational studies. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for the qualitative synthesis. Cohen's kappa (κ) value resulted in 98.21% agreement. A total of 229 participants were included. The BMPs were evaluated in five studies, and four evaluated the ABGs. The BMPs has been tested in 25.76% of the patients, while ABGs were studied in 74.24%. In order to evaluate the final result of regeneration, all the studies based their analysis on postoperative questionnaires, radiographical (CBCT and/or panoramic) and/or clinical examination. The results showed a higher regeneration success rate in the studies where the BMPs was used. Conclusions: Considering the limitations of the studies and the review, it has been shown that BMPs may yield favorable outcomes in terms of bone regeneration, as compared with ABGs.