Articles publicats en revistes (Econometria, Estadística i Economia Aplicada)

URI permanent per a aquesta col·leccióhttps://diposit.ub.edu/handle/2445/17642

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Mostrant 1 - 20 de 841

What effect does the aggregate industrial R&D offshoring have on you? A multilevel study
(Elsevier, 2021-08-20) Tojeiro Rivero, Damián
The present study argues that R&D offshoring is not only a matter of firm's decision as in previous literature, but also has an important industrial externality component. For a sample of manufacturing and services industries in the period 2005–15, I study the externalities coming from R&D offshorers in a given industry and the heterogeneous effects of enterprises' internal knowledge base characteristics. The evidence points to offshoring externality (OE) presenting an inverted U-shape with respect to the firms' innovative processes. However, firms with higher levels of human capital and/or internal R&D investments obtain higher returns coming from the OE. Overall, it seems that a strategy (R&D offshoring) that is highly beneficial for enterprises individually, might be also optimal for the Spanish economy.
Cluster strength and regional resilience: the case of the USA in the Great Recession
(Emerald Publishing, 2025-10-28) Zárate Mirón, Viviana; Moreno Serrano, Rosina
This paper evaluates the role of cluster strength on regional resilience. Previous literature shows that the industrial composition of a region, measured with indicators of its specialization, diversity and related and unrelated variety, is a crucial determinant of resilience. In this article, we aggregate cluster-level data into several indicators of regional cluster strength to proxy for different aspects of the cluster portfolio of a region. In particular, we consider the role of the presence of strong clusters in a regional economy as well as the mix of clusters in which the region has main relevance. (...)
Do giving voice and social information help in revising a misconception about rent–control?
(2025-08-01) Brandts, Jordi; Busom, Isabel; López-Mayán, Cristina
Citizens' ability to make informed and thoughtful choices when voting for policy proposals rests on their exposure to, and acceptance of, accurate information about the costs and benefits that each proposal entails. We study whether certain social factors affect the disposition to drop a misconception, the belief that rent control increases the availability of affordable housing. We design an on-line experiment where all participants watch a video explaining the scientific evidence on the consequences of this policy. We test whether letting them give feedback (giving voice) and informing them about others' change of beliefs (social information) helps in reducing the misconception. (...)
Ciberseguridad en pequeñas y medianas empresas: vulnerabilidades, amenazas y desarrollo del ciberseguro
(Instituto de Actuarios Españoles, 2025-09-16) El Ferjani, Ibtissame; Alcañiz, Manuela; Santolino, Miguel
Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) representan un pilar esencial del tejido económico global, pero su creciente digitalización también las expone a un número cada vez mayor de ciberataques. A pesar de su vulnerabilidad, muchas de estas empresas no priorizan la ciberseguridad debido a la falta de recursos, conocimientos y percepción errónea del riesgo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los principales riesgos cibernéticos que enfrentan las pymes, los tipos de ciberataques más comunes y el papeldel cibersegurocomo estrategia de mitigación y protección. (...)
Are rural households poorer than non-rural households in Europe?
(Elsevier, 2024-02-01) Meloni, Cesare; Grazini, Chiara; Marino, Maria; Rocchi, Benedetto; Severini, Simone
A significant amount of political support is directed towards promoting the development of rural areas in Europe. One reason is that rural households are perceived as having a lower income than non-rural ones. However, empirical evidence on the income differential between rural and non-rural areas in Europe is hard to find and incomplete. The present study aims to fill this gap by answering the following research questions: is there an income gap between rural and non-rural households in Europe? If so, what is its magnitude, and does this gap vary based on the country's income level? Does the inclusion of non-monetary sources of income contribute to mitigating the extent of this gap? (...)
Wage cyclicality and labour market institutions
(John Wiley & Sons, 2025-10-01) Pereira, João; Ramos Lobo, Raúl; Martins, Pedro S.
Do labor institutions influence how wages respond to the business cycle? Such responsiveness can then shape several economic outcomes, including unemployment. In this paper, we examine the role of two key labor market institutions—collective bargaining and temporary contracts—upon wage cyclicality. Our evidence is drawn from rich, 2002–2020 matched data from Portugal. We find that workers not covered by collective agreements exhibit much higher wage cyclicality, especially new hires, compared to covered workers. In contrast, workers under temporary contracts do not exhibit sizable differences in cyclicality compared to counterparts under permanent (open-ended) contracts. Our findings highlight a novel angle through which labor institutions influence the labor market and the economy
Have low emission zones slowed urban traffic recovery after Covid-19?
(Taylor & Francis, 2024-07-01) Albalate, Daniel, 1980-; Fageda, Xavier, 1975-
This paper bridges the gap between the literature on the pandemic’s effects on mobility and the literature on the impact of low emission zones (LEZ). Using data for large European cities in the period 2018–2021, we examine whether LEZs may explain differences in the recovery patterns of traffic in European cities after the shock of Covid. Controlling for several city attributes, we examine whether LEZ cities are less congested before and after the pandemic in comparison to non-LEZ cities. LEZs may have been more effective in reducing congestion after the pandemic because the fleet renewal process has slowed down or, alternatively, LEZs may be a proxy of unobservable factors related with attitudes of governments and citizens toward a sustainable mobility. Our results validate the traffic-mitigating role of the LEZ after the Covid-19 pandemic, although such result only holds for the pioneering LEZ cities. Hence, the traffic-mitigating role of the LEZ after the Covid-19 pandemic seems to be related to unobservable attributes that influenced the early decision to implement a LEZ. In this regard, we also find that LEZs may have induced a change in local attributes related to sustainable mobility given that we do not find differences between LEZs decided at the local or regional level.
Carbon Leakage from Fuel Taxes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
(Springer Verlag, 2024-12-01) Teixidó-Figueras, Jordi; Palencia‑González, F. Javier; Labeaga Azcona, José María; Labandeira Villot, Xavier
We exploit a fuel tax increase in Portugal to identify its effect on cross-border fuel sales and associated carbon leakage in the Spanish border regions. Using a difference-in-difference strategy, we find that while gasoline sales remained unaffected, diesel sales in Spanish border regions increased by 6–9%. Synthetic control methods confirm these estimates and attribute this differential effect by fuel type to routes frequented by heavy-duty vehicles, with large diesel tanks. We estimate a carbon leakage equivalent to 14–20% of Portugal’s annual mitigation commitment for road transport emissions. Our findings imply that heavy goods vehicles’ strategic behavior undermines the potential mitigation effects and revenue gains of transport climate policy, underscoring the need for coordinated policies in similar federal or quasi-federal contexts.
Education and Ethnic Intermarriage: Evidence from Higher Education Expansion in Indonesia
(Elsevier, 2025-11-01) Di Paolo, Antonio; Shidiqi, Khalifany Ash
We analyse the effect of educational attainments on interethnic marriages in Indonesia, a multi-ethnic emerging country. The empirical analysis is based on data from the Java Island obtained from the 2014 wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey, combined with administrative data about the location and year of establishment of Higher Education Institutions (HEI). To estimate causal effects, we exploit variation in exposure to HEI by birth year and district of residence in an IV/TSLS framework. Specifically, we employ as instrument for education the number of HEI located in a radius of 10 km from the centroid of the district of residence at age 18. The analysis is carried separately for males and females. The results indicate that years of schooling, college attendance and completion positively affect the likelihood of exogamy, i.e. having a partner from a different ethnicity. The estimates are somewhat larger for females than for males (although not statistically different), and all the robustness checks provide stable results, supporting their causal interpretation. The effect of schooling is not heterogeneous depending on parental education or mixed parental ethnicity. However, it is lower for individuals with Javanese ethnicity compared to those belonging to other ethnic groups. We also analyse potential mechanisms, highlighting that migration/residential location and changes in social norms could be significant channels underlying the causal chain between higher education expansion, educational attainments, and interethnic marriages. Overall, the results point out that the increase in educational attainments induced by the expansion of higher education could contribute to the reduction of ethnic segregation.
The Effect of Door-to-Door on Separate Collection of Plastic Packaging: Evidence from Catalonia
(Springer Nature, 2025-07-10) Bel i Queralt, Germà, 1963-; Bühler, Joël
In this article, we estimate the causal effect of the Door-to-Door waste collection policy on the collection of plastic waste in Catalonia. We use municipality-level data on the share of separately collected light packaging and apply a Difference-in-Differences framework. We find that Door-to-Door increased the share of separated light packaging by 80% compared to untreated units at the end of the sample period. Furthermore, our evidence indicates that there are no differences of Door-to-Door designs with source-separation of light packaging from other recyclable waste components compared to those where light packaging waste is collected with other materials and separated post-source. These findings highlight that Door-to-Door can be a highly effective measure to increase separate collection of light packaging, a precondition for ambitious plastics recycling goals legislated by policy makers.
Wage differentials by fields of study among college graduates in Turkey: a decomposition analysis
(Emerald Publishing, 2025-06) Di Paolo, Antonio; Tansel, Aysit
Purpose – This paper analyzesthe drivers of wage differences among male college graduates who hold a degree in a different field of study. We focus on Turkey, an emerging country that is characterized by a recentsustained expansion of higher education. Design/methodology/approach – We first estimate conditional wage gaps by field of study using OLS regressions. Average differentials are subsequently decomposed into the contribution of observable characteristics (endowment) and unexplained factors (returns). Next, we shed light on wage disparities by field of study along the wage distribution using unconditional quantile regression, by decomposing the wage gaps by fields of study by applying the Recentered Influence Function regression and decomposing the contribution of explained and unexplained factors in accounting for wage gaps along the whole distribution. Findings – The results indicate the existence of important wage differences by field of study, which are especially high for the fields of law and health. Wage differentials by college majors are mostly driven by differencesin endowments(especially occupation and, to a lesser extent, employmentsector).The share of wage differentials that can be attributed to differences in observable characteristics of workers with degrees in different fields of study varies along the unconditional wage distribution. Originality/value – This is the first study analyzing wage differentials by fields of study in Turkey using average and distributional decomposition techniques.
The effect of inter-municipal cooperation on social assistance programs: Evidence from housing allowances in England
(Wiley, 2025-06-01) Elston, Thomas; Bel i Queralt, Germà, 1963-; Wang, Han
Decentralized implementation of means-tested social assistance programs requires significant organizational capacity among local governments. For other types of local public service, like refuse collection and utilities provision, inter-municipal cooperation has proven capable of reducing the cost of subnational policy implementation, especially for smaller municipalities. But few impact evaluations test whether the same benefits can be achieved for less capital-intensive and more co-produced services, like social assistance. Moreover, most evaluations focus on production costs alone, despite the potential trade-off with service quality. We analyze panel data describing both the cost and quality of housing allowance administration for 314 local authorities in England between 2009 and 2019, during which time 80 switched from autonomous services to inter-municipal cooperation. Using coarsened exact matching and stacked difference-in-differences, we find no evidence of short-term savings after cooperation, and only weak indications thereafter. We also observe declining processing speeds, increased maladministration, and signs of reduced payment accuracy, though mostly these are temporary effects. Altogether, these results suggest that, in this setting, inter-municipal cooperation may be unsuited to labor-intensive public services; that short- and long-term effects can differ; and that, even in the absence of a profit motive, quality shading remains a risk in cooperation reforms.
Socioeconomic and territorial dynamics of bullfighting in contemporary Spain
(Wiley, 2024-06-13) Royuela Mora, Vicente; Belloni, Carlos Marcelo
This study explores the territorial, economic, and social factors impacting the evolution of bullfighting festivities in Spain. Using data from the Ministry of Culture and Sports, the research employs panel data regression models to analyze bullfighting celebrations from 2011 to 2019 before the COVID pandemic. Key findings include the significant role of public interest and attendance in bullfights, the varying responses of regions to the decline in festivities, and the influence of rural depopulation on this decline. Additionally, political factors, particularly support for animal welfare parties, negatively affect bullfighting celebrations, while economic indicators show no significant impact during the period studied.
Navigating the precarious path: Understanding the dualisation of the Italian labour market through the lens of involuntary part-time employment
(Blackwell, 2024-12-01) Cuccu, Liliana; Royuela Mora, Vicente; Scicchitano, Sergio
This article investigates the surge in Involuntary Part-Time (IPT) employment in Italy from 2004 to 2019, exploring its impact on various socio-economic groups and adopting a spatial perspective. The study tests the hypothesis that technological shifts, specifically routine biased technological change (RBTC), and the expansion of household substitution services contribute to IPT growth. There is a widening negative gap in IPT prevalence among marginalized groups - women, young, and less skilled workers. (...)
How Locus of Control Predicts Subjective Well-Being and its Inequality: The Moderating Role of Social Values.
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2024-11-19) Fernandez-Urbano, Roger; Royuela Mora, Vicente
Previous research has established the central role of an individuals' locus of control (LoC) in influencing subjective well-being. However, earlier studies have predominantly omitted an exploration of potential moderating factors at the country-level and have rarely delved into the influence of LoC on an important yet often-overlooked dimension of well-being—namely, subjective well-being inequality. Addressing these gaps, this study examines the association between individuals' LoC and subjective well-being, considering both the mean and inequality aspects. (...)
Conditional likelihood based inference on single-index models for motor insurance claim severity
(Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya, 2024-07-01) Bolancé Losilla, Catalina; Cao, Ricardo; Guillén, Montserrat
Prediction of a traffc accident cost is one of the major problems in motor insurance. To identify the factors that infuence costs is one of the main challenges of actuarial modelling. Telematics data about individual driving patterns could help calculating the expected claim severity in motor insurance. We propose using single-index models to assess the marginal effects of covariates on the claim severity conditional distribution. Thus, drivers with a claim cost distribution that has a long tail can be identifed. These are risky drivers, who should pay a higher insurance premium and for whom preventative actions can be designed. A new kernel approach to estimate the covariance matrix of coeffcients’ estimator is outlined. Its statistical properties are described and an application to an innovative data set containing information on driving styles is presented. The method provides good results when the response variable is skewed.
Association of income and wealth with self-reported health status: Analysis of European countries during the financial crisis
(Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, 2024-06) Maynou Pujolràs, Laia; Sáez Zafra, Marc; López i Casasnovas, Guillem
In this paper, we evaluate the association of changes in income and wealth with self-perceived health for the European Union (EU) countries, using a longitudinal sample of individuals. We estimated generalized linear mixed models for three waves of the Eurosystem Household Finance and Consumption Survey (2011, 2015, 2017), adjusting for family and individual heterogeneity and for temporal trends. Results show that variations in income have a positive and significant impact on changes in self-perceived health during the financial crisis, but not after 2015. In conclusion, we find that income, rather than wealth, played an important role in protecting health.
Short and Long Run Effects of Leniency Programs on Cartel Stability and Prosecution
(Oxford University Press, 2024-09-01) Borrell, Joan-Ramon; García Galindo, Carmen; Jiménez González, Juan Luis; Ordóñez de Haro, José Manuel
This study investigates the effects of leniency programs on cartel duration, cartel fines, and the length of investigations, providing empirical insights that contribute to the ongoing debate regarding their theoretical and empirical implications. The introduction of leniency programs in two different jurisdictions (EU and Spain) at different times and the exogeneity of the introduction date enable us to identify their impact using difference-in-differences estimations. We empirically show that leniency programs, by destabilizing existing cartels, allow for the detection of the longer-lasting ones in the short run. In the long run, our results suggest that destabilization effects prevail, and leniency programs discourage the creation of new cartels. Specifically, our findings indicate that the duration of detected cartels almost doubles in the short run and nearly halves in the long run. Finally, our study reveals that the introduction of leniency programs results in a significant increase in the average fines per cartel case, both before and after taking into account the fine reductions resulting from these programs. This suggests that leniency programs contribute to stronger sanctions against cartels, enhancing their general deterrent effect. However, our findings also indicate that leniency programs lengthen the average duration of cartel investigations, which may hinder the ability of competition authorities to proactively pursue other cases.
Geographical distribution of the COVID-19 pandemic and key determinants: Evolution across waves in Spain
(Wiley, 2024-11-01) Moreno Serrano, Rosina; Vayá, Esther
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, most research has examined specific temporal snapshots. This study diverges by offering a comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 incidence across the Spanish provinces throughout six distinct waves of the pandemic (...)
OTS Panel: A cohort study to explore the relationship between work organization and health in Spain
(Elsevier B.V., 2024-05-01) Navarro-Giné, Albert; Esteve-Matalí, Laura; Carrasquer, Pilar; Feijoo-Cid, Maria; Fernández-Cano, María Isabel; Llorens-Serrano, Clara; Molina, Óscar; Moriña, David; Pastor, Alberto; Portell, Mariona; Recio, Albert; Salas-Nicás, Sergio; Solà, Xavier
It is well known that work has a great influence on the well-being of workers. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, it seems evident that work organization, in particular, plays a key role to face and control a pandemic. Consequently, it is essential to establish specific and sustainable tools to further study the relationship between work organization and workers' health. The aim of this paper is to describe the study design and baseline data of the OTS PANEL (“OTS” stands for “Work Organization and Health” in Spanish).

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