Articles publicats en revistes (Cognició, Desenvolupament i Psicologia de l'Educació)

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Unifying turbulent dynamics framework distinguishes different brain states
(Springer Nature, 2022-06-29) Escrichs, Anira; Sanz Perl, Yonatan; Uribe, Carme; Camara Mancha, Estela; Türker, Basak; Pyatigorskaya, Nadya; López González, Ane; Pallavicini, Carla; Panda, Rajanikant; Annen, Jitka; Gosseries, Olivia; Laureys, Steven; Naccache, Lionel; Sitt, Jacobo D.; Laufs, Helmut; Tagliazucchi, Enzo; Kringelbach, Morten L.; Deco, Gustavo
Significant advances have been made by identifying the levels of synchrony of the underlying dynamics of a given brain state. This research has demonstrated that non-conscious dynamics tend to be more synchronous than in conscious states, which are more asynchronous. Here we go beyond this dichotomy to demonstrate that different brain states are underpinned by dissociable spatiotemporal dynamics. We investigated human neuroimaging data from different brain states (resting state, meditation, deep sleep and disorders of consciousness after coma). The model-free approach was based on Kuramoto's turbulence framework using coupled oscillators. This was extended by a measure of the information cascade across spatial scales. Complementarily, the model-based approach used exhaustive in silico perturbations of whole-brain models fitted to these measures. This allowed studying of the information encoding capabilities in given brain states. Overall, this framework demonstrates that elements from turbulence theory provide excellent tools for describing and differentiating between brain states.
Perceived self-efficacy: teachers’ personal resources to work on resilience in primary education
(Universidad de Jaén, 2025-10-10) Oporto, Marta; Fernández Andújar, Marina; Jarque Fernández, Sonia; Amado Luz, Laura; Calderón Garrido, Caterina
This study reports the findings of an investigation on teachers’ perception of self-efficacy with regard to working on skills related to resilience in their pupils. Specifically, teachers were asked the following question: “To what extent do you feel prepared to foster the development of resilience skills in your pupils?”. The specific aim of this chapter therefore is to summarise the levels of self-efficacy perceived in relation to teacher’s work on resilience. First, we outline an approach to the concept of self-efficacy within the school context and then present the results of the interview conducted with the sample of participating teachers. The research method was based on the use of a qualitative survey technique. The qualitative analysis of the responses allowed us to establish four categories regarding teachers’ perceived level of self-efficacy: perception of high self-efficacy, perception of low self-efficacy, doubts about their self-efficacy and unspecified perception of self-efficacy. The implications at the educational level of the established categorization will be analysed to clarify the relationship between resilience and teachers’ perceived self-efficacy and to address its work in the classroom.
How the self-concept structures social role learning: insights from computational models
(The Royal Society, 2025-09-24) García-Arch, Josué; Sabio-Albert, Marc; Korn, Christoph W.; Fuentemilla Garriga, Lluís
Learning about the social expectations tied to upcoming social roles is crucial to promoting adaptation. However, such learning can prompt a strong need for personal change, undermining the stability of individuals’ self-concept. Here, we provide a mechanistic account of how individuals at the onset of significant life transitions utilize their self-concept to modulate self-role dissonances during social role learning. Participants engaged in a learning task where they first provided self-ratings for different traits and then estimated how these traits would apply to an individual well-adapted to their forthcoming social role and received trial-by-trial feedback from reference groups. We hypothesized that individuals would employ strategies to minimize dissonances between role expectations and their current self-concept during the learning process. Our computational models included strategies that straightforwardly integrate role expectations to more complex strategies that involve leveraging the self-concept against the pure incorporation of role-related information. The best-performing model demonstrated that the self-concept functions as a modulatory mechanism, guiding the integration of role information to avoid self-role dissonances. Notably, this strategy was strongly accentuated in individuals learning about their upcoming contexts. Our work offers a mechanistic perspective on role learning that may inform interventions to support those facing significant life transitions.
Language-specific regions in the supplementary motor area: evidence from verb generation during electrical stimulation mapping
(Elsevier BV, 2025-09-24) Hernández Pardo, Mireia; Gasa-Roqué, Anna; Gómez Andrés, Alba; Lau, Ruth; Rico, Imma; Juncadella i Puig, Montserrat; Camins, Àngels; Rodríguez Fornells, Antoni; Gabarrós, Andreu
Language representation has been attributed to the perisylvian areas of the left hemisphere, with a more widely distributed network in multilingual populations. However, multilingual evidence has long obviated the involvement of regions outside classical perisylvian areas, such as the supplementary motor area (SMA). We aimed to provide novel evidence on the SMA's role in language localization using electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) during awake brain surgery. We conducted a case-series study of 4 bilingual or multilingual patients with an expansive brain lesion near the SMA who underwent an ESM. Our results evidenced that the stimulation of the left-SMA induced language difficulties during a verb generation task, with a higher proportion of languagespecific sites in the pre-SMA region. Moreover, we reported specific language sites for multiple acquired languages. Overall, our study highlighted the SMA as a language-eloquent area, likely linked to lexical decisions, while also being sensitive to different-but not necessarily all-languages of a patient.
Self-utility distance as a computational approach to understanding self-concept clarity
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-03-25) García-Arch, Josué; Korn, Christoph W.; Fuentemilla Garriga, Lluís
Self-concept stability and cohesion are crucial for psychological functioning and well-being, yet the mechanisms that underpin this fundamental aspect of human cognition remain underexplored. Integrating insights from cognitive and personality psychology with reinforcement learning, we introduce Self-Utility Distance (SUD)-a metric quantifying the dissimilarities between individuals' self-concept attributes and their expected utility value. In Study 1 (n = 155), participants provided self- and expected utility ratings using a set of predefined adjectives. SUD showed a significant negative relationship with Self-Concept Clarity that persisted after accounting for individuals' Self-Esteem. In Study 2 (n = 323), we found that SUD provides incremental predictive accuracy over Ideal-Self and Ought-Self discrepancies in the prediction of Self-Concept Clarity. In Study 3 (n = 85), we investigated the mechanistic principles underlying Self-Utility Distance. Participants conducted a social learning task where they learned about trait utilities from a reference group. We formalized different computational models to investigate the strategies individuals use to adjust trait utility estimates in response to environmental feedback. Through Hierarchical Bayesian Inference, we found evidence that participants utilized their self-concept to modulate trait utility learning, effectively avoiding the maximization of Self-Utility Distance. Our findings provide insights into self-concept dynamics that might help understand the maintenance of adaptive and maladaptive traits.
Exploring Spanish Writing Abilities of Children with Developmental Language Disorder in expository texts
(Frontiers Media, 2024-04-11) Balboa Castells, Raquel; Ahufinger Sanclemente, Nadia; Sanz-Torrent, Mònica; Andreu Barrachina, Llorenç
Introduction: Numerous studies have shown that children with developmental language disorder (DLD), in addition to oral language difficulties, exhibit impaired writing abilities. Their texts contain problems in grammar, organization, cohesion, and length of written output. However, most of these studies have been conducted with English speakers. English is characterized by complex phonological structure, opaque orthography, poor morphology and strict word order. The aim of this research is to observe the writing abilities of children with DLD in a language with simple phonological structure, transparent orthography, rich morphology and flexible word order like Spanish in the production of expository texts. Methods: Twenty-six children with DLD (mean age in months = 128.85) and 26 age-and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children (mean age in months = 124.61) wrote an expository text about their favorite animal. Results: In order to analyze how the two groups plan and encode written texts, we looked at word frequency and sentence structure, grammatical complexity and lexical density, and omissions and errors. Compared to the TD group, the children with DLD omitted more content words; made more errors with functional words, verb conjugation and inflectional morphemes, and made a large number of spelling errors. Moreover, they wrote fewer words, fewer sentences, and less structurally and lexically complex texts. Discussion: These results show that children with DLD who speak a transparent orthography language such as Spanish also have difficulties in most language areas when producing written texts. Our findings should be considered when planning and designing interventions.
Who spoke that language? Assessing early face-language associations in monolingual and bilingual infants
(Frontiers Media, 2024-05-15) Marcet Jiménez, Laia; Birulés Muntané, Joan; Bosch Galceran, Laura; Pons Gimeno, Ferran
Introduction: In bilingual communities, knowing the language each speaker uses may support language separation and, later, guide language use in a context-appropriate manner. Previous research has shown that infants begin to form primary associations between the face and the language used by a speaker around the age of 3 months. However, there is still a limited understanding of how robust these associations are and whether they are influenced by the linguistic background of the infant. To answer these questions, this study explores monolingual and bilingual infants’ ability to form face-language associations throughout the first year of life. Methods: A group of 4-, 6-, and 10-month-old Spanish and/or Catalan monolingual and bilingual infants were tested in an eye-tracking preferential looking paradigm (N = 156). After the infants were familiarized with videos of a Catalan and a Spanish speaker, they were tested in two types of test trials with different task demands. First, a Silent test trial assessed primary face-language associations by measuring infants’ visual preference for the speakers based on the language they had previously used. Then, two Language test trials assessed more robust face-language associations by measuring infants’ ability to match the face of each speaker with their corresponding language. Results: When measuring primary face-language associations, both monolingual and bilingual infants exhibited language-based preferences according to their specific exposure to the languages. Interestingly, this preference varied with age, with a transition from an initial familiarity preference to a novelty preference in older infants. Four-month-old infants showed a preference for the speaker who used their native/dominant language, while 10-month-old infants preferred the speaker who used their non-native/non-dominant language. When measuring more robust face-language associations, infants did not demonstrate signs of consistently matching the faces of the speakers with the language they had previously used, regardless of age or linguistic background. Discussion: Overall, the results indicate that while both monolingual and bilingual infants before the first year of life can form primary face-language associations, these associations remain fragile as infants seemed unable to maintain them when tested in a more demanding task.
Mapping iron content and white matter integrity in the anterior thalamic radiations across Huntington's disease stages
(Elsevier, 2025-01-01) Domingo Ayllón, Montserrat; García-Gorro, Clara; Rodríguez Dechichá, Nadia; Vaquer, Irene; Calopa, Matilde; Diego Balaguer, Ruth de; Camara Mancha, Estela
Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, often accompanied by disrupted iron regulation and altered white matter (WM) integrity. This study investigates iron content and microstructural changes in the anterior thalamic radiations (ATR) across different HD stages. Thirty-one gene carriers and twenty-four controls underwent neuropsychological assessment and 3 T-MRI scanning, including relaxometry and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequences to assess iron content and WM microstructure. ATR changes were examined using average and along-the-tract analyses, with ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests to identify group differences and Spearman correlations to evaluate clinical associations. Machine-learning models were applied to assess the potential of MRI metrics as diagnostic biomarkers for HD, focusing on disease stage differentiation and presymptomatic detection. Premanifest individuals exhibited increased iron content and enhanced WM integrity bilaterally, while manifest patients maintained elevated left ATR iron levels alongside bilateral WM degeneration. Both ATRs contribute to the clinical manifestations of HD, including cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disturbances. Both along-the-tract relaxometry and DTI metrics emerged as promising biomarkers for distinguishing HD subgroups and identifying presymptomatic individuals. These findings highlight the interplay between iron dysregulation and WM disruption in HD, offering potential pathways for early diagnosis and targeted therapeutic strategies.
Alpha and beta desynchronization during consolidation of newly learned words
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-08-05) Zappa, Ana; León Cabrera, Patricia; Ramos Escobar, Neus; Laine, Matti; Rodríguez Fornells, Antoni; François, Clément
While a growing body of literature exists on initial word-to-meaning mapping and retrieval of fully lexicalized words, our understanding on the consolidation that occurs between these two stages remains limited. The current study investigated the neural correlates of retrieving newly learned word using oscillatory brain dynamics. Participants learned to associate new words with unknown objects and performed overt and covert naming tasks during the first and last days of a five-day training period. Behavioral results showed improved overt naming on Day 5 compared to Day 1. Selecting only words that were successfully produced in the overt naming task, we examined oscillatory activity associated with word retrieval while participants produced new words covertly, both pre- (Day 1) and post (Day 5) learning. The results showed a robust alpha (8–12 Hz) and lower beta (13–25 Hz) power decrease during covert naming after learning. We hypothesize that this alpha-beta power decrease indexes successful word retrieval following consolidation.
Reward-related neural activation during social media exposure in young women with non-suicidal self-injury: evidence for a continuum of severity in the reward network
(Nature Publishing Group, 2025-12-01) Nicolaou, Stella; Julià, Anna; Otero, Daniela; Schmidt Gómez, Carlos; Pascual, Juan Carlos; Soler, Joaquim (Soler Ribaudi); Marco Pallarés, Josep; Vega Moreno, Daniel
Individuals with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) may be particularly vulnerable to social media exposure, yet the extent to which this vulnerability is linked to altered reward processing remains unclear. To address this gap, we investigated social media-related reward processing in NSSI by recruiting ninety-one young women, divided into three groups: a clinical group (NSSI with borderline personality disorder), a subclinical group (NSSI without co-occurring disorders), and a healthy control group. While undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), participants received positive and negative comments on their own Instagram photos in a naturalistic task simulating real-life social media interactions. Clinical participants rated positive comments as less pleasant and negative comments as more unpleasant than controls. Coherently, they showed blunted activation in core reward regions such as the nucleus accumbens, caudate, and medial frontal cortex when receiving positive vs negative feedback. Subclinical participants reacted similarly to clinical participants to negative feedback but similarly to controls to positive feedback and presented intermediate activation in most regions, bridging the pattern observed in controls and patients. Results highlight reward system dysfunction as central to NSSI pathology, with both clinical and subclinical groups showing altered processing of social media-based feedback. Subclinical participants showed selective vulnerability to negative feedback, while clinical participants showed impaired sensitivity to both positive and negative feedback. These findings reflect a continuum of severity mapped on the reward system, highlighting potential intervention targets and emphasizing the need to address social media interactions in NSSI treatment.
Note-by-note predictability modulates rhythm learning and its neural components
(Springer Nature, 2025-12-01) Deosdad-Díez, Marc; Marco Pallarés, Josep
Rhythm production requires the integration of perceptual predictions and performance monitoring mechanisms to adjust actions, yet the role of auditory prediction remains underexplored. To address this, electroencephalography was recorded from 70 non-musicians as they synchronized with and reproduced rhythms containing notes of varying predictability. Participants were split into three groups, each receiving different visual cues to aid rhythm perception. Behaviorally, higher asynchrony occurred with less predictable notes. However, participants who viewed rhythms as distances between lines showed improved timing. EEG revealed that the Error Negativity component seems to reflect prediction error, increasing only when errors were clear and expected. When perceptual predictability was low, Ne response was reduced. The Error Positivity component, however, was heightened by both performance errors and unpredictable stimuli, highlighting the salience of such events. Overall, predictability plays a key role in shaping the neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying rhythm production.
Movie-watching evokes ripple-like activity within events and at event boundaries
(Nature Publishing Group, 2025-12-01) Silva, Marta Marques de Almeida e; Wu, Xiongbo; Sabio-Albert, Marc; Conde Blanco, Estefanía; Roldán Ramos, Pedro; Donaire Pedraza, Antonio J.; Carreño, Mar; Axmacher, Nikolai; Baldassano, Christopher; Fuentemilla Garriga, Lluís
Ripples are fast oscillatory events widely recognized as crucial markers for memory consolidation and neural plasticity. These transient bursts of activity are thought to coordinate information transfer between the hippocampus and neocortical areas, providing a temporal framework that supports the stabilization and integration of new memories. However, their role in human memory encoding during naturalistic scenarios remains unexplored. Here, we recorded intracranial electrophysiological data from ten epilepsy patients watching a movie. Ripples were analyzed in the hippocampus and neocortical regions (i.e., temporal and frontal cortex). Our results revealed a differential dynamical pattern of ripple occurrence during encoding. Enhanced hippocampal ripple recruitment was observed at event boundaries, reflecting hippocampal involvement in event segmentation, whereas higher ripple rates were seen within an event for cortical electrodes with higher ripple occurrence at the temporal cortex, reflecting whether an event was later recalled. These findings shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying memory encoding and provide insights into the potential role of ripples in the encoding of an event, suggesting an impact on the formation of long-term memories of distinct episodes.
Decoding human response inhibition: evidence from GPi and thalamic electrophysiology during a go/no-go task
(Elsevier Ltd., 2025-08-06) Münte, Thomas F.; Marco Pallarés, Josep; Heldmann, Marcus; Bolat, Seza; Saryyeva, Assel; Müller Vahl, Kirsten R.; Krauss, Joachim K.
The globus pallidus internus (GPi), a critical output structure of the basal ganglia, plays a central role in motor control by facilitating or inhibiting cortical commands through its connections with the thalamus. This study investigates the involvement of the GPi and thalamus in inhibitory processes during a Go/No-Go task in six patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) for dystonia or Tourette syndrome. Local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded from externalized DBS electrodes prior to pulse generator implantation. In line with recent computational models of the basal ganglia, we hypothesized differential activity in the GPi for Go and No-Go stimuli, reflecting its role in inhibitory functions. Our findings revealed distinct averaged LFP patterns in the GPi and thalamus to Go and No-Go stimuli, and in addition pronounced differences in beta-band time-frequency activity. These findings provide direct electrophysiological evidence for the GPi's involvement in proactive inhibition which paves the way for more fine-grained analyses of inhibitory functions.
Analysis of motor behavior in piano performance from the mixed methods approach
(Frontiers Media, 2024-09-05) Santisteban, Isabel E.; Anguera Argilaga, María Teresa; Granda Vera, Juan; Pastrana, José Luis
Introduction: The focus of this study centers on the extraction, analysis, and interpretation of the motor behavior of advanced-level pianists using observational methodology, itself framed within the field of mixed methods, paying particular attention to those aspects that characterize the pressed and struck touch. The aim of this research was to analyze the motor interactions of activation or inhibition associated with the production of a type of touch in the movements of the right upper limb of the participating pianists. Methods: An ad hoc observational instrument was built that was incorporated into the software Lince Plus for data recording and coding. Data reliability was guaranteed applying Cohen’s Kappa coefficient, and an analysis of polar coordinates was carried out to identify the motor interactions involved in piano playing. Results: The study provided significant information about the interaction of motor functions linked to two types of touch, such as those that occur in the sliding finger movement over the key in the pressed touch or the lifting finger movement above the key in the struck touch, obtaining clearly identified patterns of piano touch motor behavior. Discussion: This research represents an innovative perspective of the study of piano-playing movement via the direct and perceptible observation of the pianist’s motor behavior in an everyday context. Observational methodology is distinguished by its low degree of internal control, which makes it possible to scientifically study the spontaneous behavior of pianists in their natural environment. This model allows us to describe and analyze piano touch for its application in the field of piano performance and teaching, emphasizing the practical implications of motor interactions in piano touch.
Cross-language interaction during sequential anomia treatment in three languages: Evidence from a trilingual person with aphasia
(Elsevier BV, 2025-06-04) Peñaloza, Claudia; Marte, Manuel José; Billot, Anne; Kiran, Swathi
Language rehabilitation research has reported mixed evidence in bilinguals with aphasia suggesting that therapy can benefit the treated language alone or additionally result in cross-language generalization to the untreated language, while cross-language interference effects are less common. However, treatment effects in multilinguals with aphasia (MWA) have been less frequently investigated, and examining cross-language interactions during therapy may help to better understand their treatment response in each language. This study reports on P1, a trilingual person with severe aphasia with extensive damage to cortical language regions and the basal ganglia, who received sequential semantic-based treatment for anomia in her L3 French, L1 Spanish and L2 English. Overall, significant treatment gains in the treated language were restricted to her L3 French, the weakest language, while her treatment response was limited across languages likely due to severe language impairment and extensive damage to the language processing network. Cross-language generalization effects were absent and P1 showed cross-language interference in her L2 English during treatment in her L3 French. Cross-language intrusions were observed between languages, more frequently in her L2 English (the least available language in treatment) than in her L1 Spanish (the strongest language). The absence of cross-language generalization and presence of cross-language interference in P1 were likely due to damage in the basal ganglia and executive deficits reflecting damage to the language control network. Severe language processing and language control impairments can hinder the balance between activation and inhibition mechanisms necessary to support response to language treatment in MWA.
Individual differences in associative/semantic priming: Spreading of activation in semantic memory and epistemically unwarranted beliefs
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2025-02-11) Huete-Pérez, Daniel; Davies, Robert; Rodríguez-Ferreiro, Javier; Ferré, Pilar
Starting from the enhanced spreading of activation through semantic memory (one of the explanatory mechanisms attempting to explain some manifestations observed in schizophrenia) and the psychosis continuum (a dimensional approach to psychotic disorders, where ‘normality’ and ‘psychopathology’ are not qualitatively different in nature but placed on varying levels of the same continuum), the main aim of the present research was to explore whether there are individual differences in associative/semantic priming in people with different levels of epistemically unwarranted beliefs (EUB). Participants varying in paranormal, pseudoscientific and conspiracy endorsement completed a primed lexical decision task containing related prime-target words (e.g., bulb-light) and unrelated prime-target words (e.g., sock-light). Bayesian linear mixed-effects models over response times (RTs) revealed a main direct priming effect (faster RTs in related pairs than in unrelated ones), a main facilitatory effect for some EUB scores (i.e., the higher the value for EUB score, the faster RTs), and an interactive effect between the experimental manipulation and some EUB scores (the higher the EUB score, the smaller the direct priming effect). These results are consistent with predictions made from the enhanced spreading of activation explanatory mechanism, but other alternative accounts are also discussed.
Social Network Structure Shapes the Formation of True and False Memories at the Collective Level
(Wiley, 2025-04-14) Valle Muñoz, Tania Mireya; Krizovenska, Annamaria; García-Arch, Josué; Bajo Molina, María Teresa; Fuentemilla Garriga, Lluís
Societal structures and memory organization models share network-like features, offering insights into how information spreads and shapes collective memories. In this study, we manipulated the structure of lab-created community networks during a computer-mediated recall task using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm to test the spreading activation theory of true and false memory formation. We hypothesized that social network structure, whether clustered or not, would influence memory accuracy. Our results showed that clustered networks reinforced true memories by promoting mnemonic convergence, while non-clustered networks led to more false memories by increasing widespread cross-activation. These findings highlight how social network topology impacts memory dynamics and collective knowledge evolution.
Spoken words affect visual object recognition via the modulation of alpha and beta oscillations
(Frontiers Media, 2025-04-14) Morucci, Piermatteo; Giannelli, Francesco; Richter, Craig Geoffrey; Molinaro, Nicola
Hearing spoken words can enhance the recognition of visual object categories. Yet, the mechanisms that underpin this facilitation are incompletely understood. Recent proposals suggest that words can alter visual processes by activating category-specific representations in sensory regions. Here, we tested the hypothesis that neural oscillations serve as a mechanism to activate language-generated visual representations. Participants performed a cue-picture matching task where cues were either spoken words, in their native or second language, or natural sounds, while their EEG and reaction times were recorded. Behaviorally, we found that images cued by words were recognized faster than those cued by natural sounds. This indicates that language activates more accurate semantic representations compared to natural sounds. A time-frequency analysis of cue-target intervals revealed that this label-advantage effect was associated with enhanced power in posterior alpha (9-11 Hz) and beta oscillations (17-19 Hz), both of which were larger when the image was preceded by a word compared to a natural sound. These results suggest that alpha and beta rhythms may play distinct functional roles to support language-mediated visual object recognition: alpha might function to amplify sensory representations in posterior regions, while beta may (re)activate the network states elicited by the auditory cue.
Anticipating multisensory environments: Evidence for a supra-modal predictive system
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-01-01) Sabio-Albert, Marc; Fuentemilla Garriga, Lluís; Pérez-Bellido, Alexis
Our perceptual experience is generally framed in multisensory environments abundant in predictive information. Previous research on statistical learning has shown that humans can learn regularities in different sensory modalities in parallel, but it has not yet determined whether multisensory predictions are generated through a modality-specific predictive mechanism or instead, rely on a supra-modal predictive system. Here, across two experiments, we tested these hypotheses by presenting participants with concurrent pairs of predictable auditory and visual low-level stimuli (i.e., tones and gratings). In different experimental blocks, participants had to attend the stimuli in one modality while ignoring stimuli from the other sensory modality (distractors), and perform a perceptual discrimination task on the second stimulus of the attended modality (targets). Orthogonal to the task goal, both the attended and unattended pairs followed transitional probabilities, so targets and distractors could be expected or unexpected. We found that participants performed better for expected compared to unexpected targets. This effect generalized to the distractors but only when relevant targets were expected. Such interactive effects suggest that predictions may be gated by a supra-modal system with shared resources across sensory modalities that are distributed according to their respective behavioural relevance.
Self-determination and quality of life of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: Past, present, and future of close research paths
(Wiley, 2024-03) Mumbardó Adam, Cristina; Vicente, Eva; Balboni, Giulia
In recent decades, research in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities has targeted self-determination and quality of life constructs. Quality of life has been extensively studied within various theoretical frameworks. It has been used to guide the provision of appropriate support in daily life. In addition, a vast body of scientific literature has focused on the theoretical and practical underpinnings of self-determination as a construct in itself. To understand how self-determination is an essential supporting concept in the quality of life paradigm, this brief report unravels the complementary but unique role that each construct (quality of life and self-determination) embodies. Furthermore, we discuss the role of self-determination in the scientific literature and in the quality of life of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, reflecting on how both lines of research can converge and be aligned from a common approach. The aim is to drive attention to areas of future research development that strengthen understanding of quality of life and the self-determination construct.

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