Articles publicats en revistes (Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia)

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Virtual reality body exposure and attentional bias modification in the treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa
(John Wiley & Sons, 2026-04-14) Ascione, Mariarca; Carulla-Roig, Marta; Meschberger-Annweiler, Franck-Alexandre; Serrano Troncoso, Eduardo; Blasco Martínez, Anna; Guerrero Álvarez, Fernando; Miquel, Helena; Mendoza-Medialdea, María Teresa; Porras-García, Bruno; Ferrer, Marta (Ferrer García); Moreno Sánchez, Manuel; Gutiérrez Maldonado, José
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by intense fear of gaining weight and persistent body image disturbance. Virtual reality–based mirror exposure therapy (VR-MET) may reduce body-related fear through embodied exposure, while attentional bias modification training (ABMT) may enhance exposure learning by promoting balanced attentional allocation. This controlled clinical study tested the hypothesis that adjunctive VR-MET would improve clinical outcomes beyond treatment as usual (TAU) alone, and that preceding VR-MET with ABMT would produce additional benefits in adolescent females with AN. Seventy-five female adolescents with AN were allocated to TAU, TAU+VR-MET or TAU+ABMT+VR-MET. Assessments were conducted pre- and post-intervention. Outcomes included eye-tracking indices of attentional bias (number of fixations, complete fixation time), state anxiety and fear of gaining weight, BMI and eating disorder–related measures. Compared with TAU alone, both VR-based conditions showed greater reductions in state anxiety and fear of gaining weight. State body dissatisfaction decreased significantly only in the TAU+VR-MET group. No significant changes were observed for BMI or most trait-level eating disorder measures. ABMT did not enhance clinical outcomes beyond VR-MET. Within the short-term assessment window, adjunctive VR-MET was associated with reductions in state-dependent emotional responses in adolescents with AN. Effects on trait-level symptoms were limited, and ABMT did not confer additional benefit in this unselected sample. Fully randomized studies with larger samples, extended exposure protocols, and follow-up assessments are needed to determine durability and broader clinical impact.
Spontaneous and perturbation-based EEG cortical excitability markers are associated with plasma p-tau181 concentration in healthy middle-aged adults
(Elsevier, 2024-12-30) Perellón Alfonso, Ruben; Abellaneda Pérez, Kilian; Pileckyte, Indre; Cabello Toscano, María del Rocío; Mulet Pons, Lídia; Vaqué Alcázar, Lídia; Cattaneo, Gabrielle; Redondo-Camós, María; España Irla, Goretti; Delgado Gallén, Selma; Solana Sánchez, Javier; Zetterberg, Henrik; Tormos, José María; Franzmeier, Nicolai; Pascual Leone, Álvaro, 1961-; Bartrés Faz, David
In early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition can induce neuronal hyperactivity, thereby potentially triggering activity-dependent neuronal secretion of phosphorylated tau (p-tau), ensuing tau aggregation and spread. Therefore, cortical excitability is a candidate biomarker for early AD detection. Moreover, lowering neuronal excitability could potentially complement strategies to reduce Aβ and tau buildup. There is, however, a lack of understanding of the relationship between cortical excitability and p-tau increase in vivo. Therefore, in a sample of 658 healthy middle-aged (between the ages of 40 and 65) participants of the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative cohort study, we examined the relation of blood-based tau, phosphorylated at amino acid 181 (p-tau181), reflecting neuronal p-tau secretion; neurofilament light chain (NfL), as a passively released control for p-tau181; and electroencephalography (EEG) markers of cortical excitability. A subsample of 47 participants also completed a controlled brain perturbation approach via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with concurrent EEG. Results show that both spontaneous (i.e., resting-state) and perturbation-based TMS-EEG markers, are associated with blood p-tau181, particularly in older individuals. The perturbation-based marker was a significantly more sensitive predictor of p-tau181 concentration than the spontaneous resting state EEG-based marker. The relationships observed are not present for the NfL control. These results show that relationships between p-tau181 and cortical excitability are present in healthy middle-aged subjects and that p-tau181 increases may reflect activity-dependent secretion.
From childhood maltreatment to intimate partner violence perpetration: A prospective longitudinal examination of the roles of executive functioning and self-esteem
(Elsevier Ltd., 2024-05-01) Díaz-Faes, Diego A.; Widom, Cathy Spatz
Background: Previous research has found that childhood maltreatment predicts increased risk for violence and partner violence and there is some evidence for poorer executive functioning and low self-esteem. To date, there have been no longitudinal studies that have examined the extent to which executive functioning and self-esteem play a role in the relationship between child maltreatment and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Methods: This study aims to fill this gap by utilizing data from a prospective longitudinal study of children with documented court cases of abuse and neglect (ages 0–11 years) from a metropolitan county area in the Midwest (during the years 1967–1971) and demographically matched controls. Both maltreated individuals and matched controls were followed up and assessed over several waves of the study in young and middle adulthood. At mean age 39 years, inhibition and cognitive control were evaluated, while cognitive flexibility and nonverbal reasoning were assessed at mean age 41. Self-esteem was also assessed at mean age 41. Physical IPV perpetration was evaluated at age 47 using two different scoring strategies in separate models: the number of acts and variety of acts, ensuring avoidance of potential score skewness. Results: Childhood maltreatment predicted lower executive functioning and self-esteem, and both independently predicted intimate partner violence perpetration. Lower executive functioning and self-esteem mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and physical IPV perpetration in midlife, irrespective of the scoring method. Conclusion: Findings suggest that executive functioning and self-esteem play a role in the cycle of violence. Implications and suggestions for future directions are discussed.
Problematic gaming use and psychological distress among Spanish young adults: A comprehensive study
(Universidad de Zaragoza, 2025) Suárez Soto, Elizabeth; Peris-de la Hoz, A.; Sánchez-Fernández-Quejo, A.; Rodríguez-Toscano, E.; Lagunas, N.; Reneses, B.; De la Torre Luque, Alejandro
Background and objectives: This study examined problematic video game use and its sociodemographic and clinical correlates in a sample of 1,410 Spanish video game players (33.6% women; mean age = 21.12 years, SD = 3.29). Methods: The participants completed a comprehensive set of assessment scales to evaluate clinical features: a sociodemographic interview, problematic video gaming (using the GAS-7), emotional symptoms (with the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression scales), suicidal ideation (with the Paykel Suicidal Ideation Scale), loneliness (De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale) and impulsivity (UPPS-P scale). Participants were classified based on problematic gaming severity. Differences between groups were explored for the clinical features assessed. Results: As a result, most participants showed a low-risk gaming pattern (88.2%), in comparison to those showing either excessive use of video games (10% of participants) or problematic (pathological) gaming use (almost 2%). Risk groups differed by sex (p < .01), but not age, education, or employment. Game time and frequency varied across risk groups, indicating higher use with greater risk. Clinical correlates were examined, with higher risk groups showing more depressive symptoms (p < .01), anxiety symptoms (p < .01), suicidal ideation (p < .01), and loneliness (p < .01). Impulsiveness dimensions also showed significant group differences, except for sensation seeking. In conclusion, problematic video game use was linked to higher levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety, suicidal ideation, loneliness, and impulsiveness. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the clinical aspects associated with different levels of problematic gaming.
WADD-SEPD Consensus on Psychological Treatment of Dual Disorders I: General Recommendations, Most Used Therapies, and Severe Mental Disorders
(MDPI, 2026-01-16) Benito, Ana; Jimenez Murcia, Susana; Tirado Munoz, Judit; Adan Puig, Ana
Background/Objectives: The treatment of dual disorders (DDs) must be comprehensive and multidisciplinary. There is evidence supporting the effectiveness of psychotherapy in their treatment. However, clinical guidelines, consensus statements, and reviews on the treatment of DDs typically devote considerably less space to psychological therapy than to pharmacological therapy. Therefore, this work aimed to synthesize the available evidence, recommendations, and clinical experience on the psychological treatment of DDs to reach a consensus. Methods: Two consensus methods were sequentially implemented: the nominal group technique and the Delphi method. Results: The first part of this consensus review encompassed a compilation of general recommendations for the psychological treatment of DDs, evidence on the efficacy of the most frequently used therapies, and recommendations for the psychological treatment of severe dual mental disorders. These disorders include schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, bipolar disorders, depressive disorders, and obsessive compulsive disorders. Conclusions: (1) Psychological treatment is effective; (2) integrated psychological treatment is more effective; (3) motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, and relapse prevention are the psychological interventions with the most supporting evidence; (4) the best alternative is multicomponent strategies; (5) the most frequently studied severe mental disorders are schizophrenia and depression; (6) for dual schizophrenia, motivational interviewing and integrated cognitive behavioral therapy combined with other components are recommended; (7) for dual depression, cognitive behavioral therapy with relapse prevention or motivational interviewing is recommended; (8) for dual bipolar disorder, group therapies with psychoeducation or relapse prevention and inclusion of the family, contingency management, and family intervention are recommended; (9) more empirical evidence is needed, especially for obsessive compulsive and schizoaffective disorders; and (10) more randomized clinical trials are needed to improve current methodological limitations.
Understanding and enhancing post-stroke recovery: Insights from a nested qualitative study within the MindFit Project randomized clinical trial
(Elsevier Ltd., 2024-12) Bermudo-Gallaguet, Adrià; Bielsa-Pascual, Jofre; García-Sierra, Rosa; Feijoo Cid, Maria; Arreciado Marañón, Antonia; Ariza González, Mar; Agudelo, Daniela; Camins-Vila, Neus; Boldó, Maria; Durà Mata, Maria José; García-Molina, Alberto; Torán Monserrat, Pere; Mataró Serrat, Maria
Background: Stroke survivors experience a wide range of physical, cognitive, and emotional challenges. In the MindFit Project, a randomized clinical trial, 141 chronic stroke patients were divided into three groups: mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) with computerized cognitive training (CCT), physical exercise (PE) with CCT, and CCT alone. The interventions were conducted remotely over 12 weeks, including online group and individual sessions. Objective: This exploratory nested qualitative study aimed to investigate chronic stroke survivors' experiences, opinions, and perceived changes due to the interventions within the MindFit Project. The secondary objective was to describe the broader experience of their recovery journey. Methods: Twenty-seven participants were recruited through purposive sampling and engaged in semi-structured one-on-one interviews. Twelve received MBSR+CCT, nine received PE+CCT, and six received CCT-only. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants shared insights into their lives after stroke, including emotional and physical challenges, coping mechanisms, and the impact of societal perceptions. The interventions were generally positively valued, with MBSR aiding in emotional regulation, PE enhancing physical capabilities, and CCT improving cognition. The group setting provided valuable peer support and motivation, although some participants noted challenges owing to the heterogeneity. The telematic format was also appreciated for its accessibility, although it posed challenges to personal interaction and intervention supervision. Conclusions: Our study emphasizes the complexity of stroke recovery and the importance of holistic, patient-centered rehabilitation approaches. It also highlights the value of combining physical and non-physical interventions in a group setting, along with the potential of remote platforms to enhance the accessibility of rehabilitation programs. These findings generate hypotheses for future randomized clinical trials aimed at improving post-stroke recovery.
Large-scale population data enrichment in mental health research
(Springer Nature, 2024-10-01) Nees, Frauke; Renner, Paul; Holz, Nathalie E.; Polemiti, Elli; Siehl, Sebastian; Hese, Sören; Schepanski, Kerstin; Schumann, Gunter; The environMENTAL Consortium
This Comment explores new approaches to enrich large-scale population data, including incorporating macro-environmental and digital health measures.
Exploring Metacognition in a Spanish-Speaking Population: Adaptation and Validation of the Metacognition Self-Assessment Scale (MSAS)
(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 2025) Alabèrnia Segura, Miquel ; Mullins, Danielle; Carulla Flix, Anna ; Feixas i Viaplana, Guillem
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo adaptar y validar la Escala de Autoevaluación de la Metacognición (MSAS) para población de habla hispana. Empleando un enfoque modular de la metacognición, esta investigación se centra en analizar subfunciones específicas de la metacognición, como la auto-monitorización, la autoevaluación y la selección de estrategias. Una muestra de 138 individuos de habla hispana participó en el estudio, que incluyó tanto la traducción del MSAS, como la realización de pruebas de fiabilidad y validez. Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio apoyan la estructura original del MSAS, que incluye cuatro factores: Autorreflexión, Distancia Crítica, Comprensión de la Mente del Otro y Dominio. Además, se estableció la validez convergente del MSAS con la Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto (TAS-20), demostrando una fuerte correlación negativa entre ambos instrumentos. Esta adaptación y validación de la versión en español del MSAS proporciona un valioso instrumento disponible para fines clínicos y de investigación. Esta contribución sienta las bases para inves
Psychosocial functional recovery in patients with bipolar disorder in remission: Which symptoms hold them back?
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-02-14) Bonnín Roig, Caterina del Mar; Montejo Egido, Laura; Torrent Font, Carla; Sánchez-Moreno, José; Diego-Adeliño, Javier de; Solé Cabezuelo, Brisa; Roca Tutusaus, Xavier; Hidalgo Mazzei, Diego; Borràs, Roger; Clougher, Derek; Valentí Ribas, Marc; Martínez-Arán, Anabel, 1971-; Cardoner, N. (Narcís); Vieta i Pascual, Eduard, 1963-
Background: Subthreshold depressive symptoms significantly hinder functional recovery in bipolar disorder (BD). While most studies use a global score to assess the impact of these symptoms on functioning, this study examines which specific subthreshold depressive symptoms mostly impede functional recovery in patients with BD in remission. Method: The sample comprised a total of 413 patients with BD. Subthreshold depressive symptoms were assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and psychosocial functioning was measured with the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST). Bivariate analyses were performed to identify items from the HAM-D as well as other clinical and demographic variables associated with functional impairment. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted including the variables that demonstrated significant associations in the bivariate analyses. Results: The linear regression model for the FAST total score demonstrated that "psychomotor retardation" (item 8) had the strongest association on psychosocial functioning (β = 6,9; p < 0,001), followed by "feelings of guilt" (item 2) (β = 5,75; p < 0,001) "work and activities" (item 7) (β = 5,38; p < 0,001) and "somatic anxiety" (item 11) (β = 3,45; p < 0,001). Other significant clinical variables included antipsychotic use, older age, fewer years of education and male sex. This model explained 39,6% of the variance in the FAST total score (R2 = 0,396; Adjusted R2 = 0,375; F(399,13) = 20,04; p < 0,001). Conclusions: Specific subthreshold symptoms, including psychomotor retardation, apathy, guilt and somatic anxiety significantly influence psychosocial functioning. These findings highlight the importance of specifically targeting these symptoms to achieve functional recovery, even when patients are clinically stable.
Consensus on Subdomains and Measures of Relevance to Affective and Social Cognition Research on Bipolar Disorder (CAS-BD); Outcomes and Recommendations From an International Society for Bipolar Disorders Targeting Cognition Taskforce Study
(John Wiley & Sons, 2026-03-01) Van Rheenen, Tamsyn E Van; Lewandowski, Kathryn E; Pinkham, Amy; Varo, Cristina; Caruana, Georgia F.; Gruber, J.; Zarp, Jeff; Young, Allan H.; Yatham, Lakshmi N.; Vieta i Pascual, Eduard, 1963-; Torres, Ivan J.; Tsapekos, Dimosthenis; Sumiyoshi, Tomiki; Stokes, Paul R. A.; Schaffer, Ayal; Purdon, Scot E.; Porter, Richard J.; McIntyre, Roger S.; Martínez-Arán, Anabel, 1971-; López Jaramillo, Carlos; Lafer, Beny; Kessing, Lars Vedel; Kjærstad, Hanne Lie; Hasler, Gregor; Gallagher, Peter; Douglas, Katie; Dols, Annemiek; Carvalho, André F.; Burdick, Katherine E.; Bowie, Christopher R.; Bonnín Roig, Caterina del Mar; Balanzá-Martínez, Vicent; Miskowiak, Kamilla W.
Background The Consensus on subdomains and measures of Affective and Social cognition for research on Bipolar Disorder (CAS-BD) project aimed to formulate preliminary consensus-based recommendations for assessing affective and social cognition in BD. Methods Three sequential surveys administered to experts on affective and social cognition in BD were conducted using the Delphi process. Experts responded to questions regarding affective and social cognition subdomains and rated their importance to research on BD. Experts also nominated measures, rated them for suitability, and ranked them by preference for use. Consensus was defined as ≥ 80% agreement. Results 31 experts completed the initial survey, with 20–23 completing subsequent surveys. Consensus was obtained for the subdomain structure of both affective cognition and social cognition, and the definition of each subdomain within. Explicit emotion regulation was ranked as being of highest priority for further research on affective cognition, and theory of mind as highest priority for further research on social cognition. The top-preferenced measures of all affective cognition subdomains were considered by consensus to be suitable for use in BD research. Agreement that the top-preferenced measures of social cognition were suitable ranged from 71.5% to 95.3%. Discussion Expert consensus on subdomains and measures of affective and social cognition for research on BD was obtained via a staged approach. Prior familiarity may have influenced some experts' rankings, but generally there was a notable lack of consistency in the use of available measures by BD experts. This reaffirms the need for more specific guidance and validated batteries of social and affective cognition to direct the field and allow for more consistency and replication of research in the future.
An Exemplary Life? A Personal Construct Analysis of the Autobiography of Rudolf Hoess, Commandant of Auschwitz
(Taylor & Francis, 2014-08-27) Reed, Nick; Winter, David A., 1950- ; Schulz, Joerg; Aslan, Esther; Soldevilla Alberti, Joan Miquel; Kuzu, Duygu
This article analyzes the autobiography of Rudolf Hoess, commandant of Auschwitz. Textual grid, ABC, and self-characterization analyses of the autobiography are used to construe Hoess’s writing. The textual grid analysis suggests that Hoess saw his adult self as being different from others but his young self as similar to Jews. Conflicts in self-construing are identified. The ABC analysis indicates that, from his perspective, it made sense for Hoess to choose not to leave the concentration camp service. The self-characterization analysis focuses on whether Hoess experienced Kellyan guilt and it suggests that he did, but in unexpected contexts.
Characteristics of the construct systems of women victims of intimate partner violence
(Taylor & Francis, 2014) Soldevilla Alberti, Joan Miquel; Feixas i Viaplana, Guillem; Varlotta, Nicolás; Cirici i Amell, Roser
The aim of this study was to explore the structural characteristics of the construct systems of women who had suffered intimate partner violence (IPV). We compared a group of 40 women victims of IPV and 40 controls using the symptom check list (SCL-90-R) and the repertory grid technique (RGT). IPV victims showed more psychological symptoms, higher polarization and unidimensional thinking, and more implicative dilemmas than the comparison group. In contrast to previous assumptions and ﬁndings about their low self-esteem, no signiﬁcant differences were found with the control group in the actual self–ideal self discrepancy measure of the RGT. These cognitive characteristics of the construct system should be taken into account in efforts to assist IPV victims psychologically. For example, if results were conﬁrmed by further studies, interventions should give priority to dilemma resolution over self-esteem enhancement as a focus of therapy.
Child sexual abuse within the Roman Catholic Church in Spain: A descriptive study of abuse characteristics, victims' faith, and spirituality
(American Psychological Association, 2021) Pereda Beltran, Noemí; Segura, Anna
Objective: The goal of this study was to examine a sample of 38 adult victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) by representatives of the Spanish Catholic Church. Method: An ad-hoc battery of questions divided into five sections was created: (a) Participant's general personal information, faith, religion and belief system; (b) sexual victimization by the Church; (c) sexual victimization committed by other persons; (d) other forms of caregiver victimization; (e) perception of the impact of the abuse on faith and spirituality. Results: Most of the victims are pubescent males, who experience contact sexual abuse, including high levels of penetration, by a priest or pastor. Victims tended to disclose their abuse, in adulthood, to someone close to them. Official reports were generally addressed to the Catholic Church rather than to police officers or the legal system. More than half of those who reported abuse stated that it had had a negative impact on their well-being. Victims also reported an acute reduction in their faith in God and the Church and other experiences of sexual and caregiver victimization. Conclusions: The results obtained in this first study to focus on the phenomenon of CSA by the Catholic Church in Spain are relevant enough to continue working on this area and to tailor specific intervention and prevention programs for these victims that address their spiritual damage.
Body‐related attentional bias as mediator of the relationship between body mass index and body dissatisfaction
(J. Wiley, 2020-07) Porras-García, Bruno; Ferrer, Marta (Ferrer García); Yilmaz, Lena; Sen, Yigit Onur; Olszewska, Agata; Ghiţă, Alexandra; Serrano Troncoso, Eduardo; Treasure, Janet; Gutiérrez Maldonado, José
Body image disturbance, consisting of an affective (body dissatisfaction) and perceptual (body distortion) component, is not only found in eating disorders, but is also present in healthy individuals, affecting their psychological well- being and everyday life. A higher body mass index is associated with higher body dissatisfaction, whereas results in relation to body distortion are mixed. Furthermore, body dissatisfaction is associated with a weight-related atten- tional bias. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of a weight- related attentional bias in the relationship between body mass index and body image disturbance. Forty-one college women took part in a virtual reality and eye tracking procedure, in which the illusion of owning a virtual avatar with their body measurements was induced. During this procedure, body-related attentional bias was measured and afterwards body image disturbance was assessed. Mediation analysis revealed that weight-related attentional bias mediated the relationship between body mass index and body dissatisfaction (but not distortion). These findings suggest that modifying weight-related attentional bias would be a useful treatment target for improving body dissatis- faction. In addition, virtual reality technology could serve as an innovative method for modifying attentional bias in an ecologically valid way.
VirtualPain. Preliminary findings from a group-based digital therapeutics intervention for fibromyalgia
(SAGE Publications, 2024-04-01) Vilalta-Abella, Ferran; Porras-García, Bruno; Ghiţă, Alexandra; Vacas, Montserrat; Prat-Galbany, Mónica; Gutiérrez Maldonado, José
Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disorder characterized by chronic pain, with significant medical, psychological, and socio-economic implications. Although there is limited evidence, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to be effective in improving FM symptoms. An alternative to enhance CBT effectiveness is to incorporate digital therapeutics (DTx). Aim: We conducted a pilot study to investigate whether the addition of a DTx intervention (VirtualPain)to cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBGT) can reduce pain perception and associated symptoms in patients with FM. Method: Ten patients with FM were initially recruited from a public hospital in Barcelona. The treatment consisted of 6 weeks of VirtualPain group sessions and 16 weeks of CBGT. Measures of catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and coping were recorded before, during, and after the protocol. In the DTx sessions, pain intensity was recorded before and after each session. Results: The program (DTx and CBGT) showed asignificant improvement in pain-related self-efficacy and relaxation measures. Improvement in pain perception was observed only after the DTx intervention. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary results regarding the addedvalue ofDTx(VirtualPain) as part of a CBGTfor FM. The use of the program has facilitated a significant reduction in pain perception in each of the VirtualPain sessions, which provides further evidence of how this technology can be beneficial for improving FM treatments.
Dialogue and Dominance in Couple Therapy for Depression: Exploring Therapists’ Responses in Creating Collaborative Moments
(Wiley, 2020-09-01) Artigas Miralles, Lourdes; Vilaregut, Anna; Feixas i Viaplana, Guillem; Mateu Martínez, Clara; Seikkula, Jaakko; Vall Castelló, Berta
Previous investigations have found specific communication patterns in couples dealing with depression, specifically when depression concurs with conjugal conflicts. The presence of these patterns can reflect couples’ difficulties in engaging in collaborative communication during their sessions, posing a real challenge for therapists. This exploratory study uses a dialogical approach to examine issues of dominance and type of dialogue in two couples who differed in terms of their levels of dyadic adjustment. The therapists’ reactions were explored in order to detect the kinds of responses that were most effective at engendering a collaborative attitude in therapy sessions. The method used to analyze the dialogue was Dialogical Investigations of Happenings of Change (DIHC). Results on dominance indicated that the degree of quantitative and semantic dominance displayed by a different member of the couple in each case was illustrative of their relational dynamics, while in both cases interactional dominance was exercised by the therapists. Results on dialogue revealed that dialogic dialogue might help to coconstruct new shared meanings of depression. The findings indicated that certain responses by therapists as part of the dialogue could be useful in bringing about a reduction in hostility between the members of a couple, provided that the responses are maintained over the course of the session. Some research and clinical implications that emerge from the results are discussed.
Abuso Sexual y Diagnóstico de Patología Límite en la Adolescencia: una Revisión Sistemática
(Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos, 2026) Costa, Xavier; Cabré, Marta; Pereda Beltran, Noemí
La violencia sexual afecta a cerca de uno de cada cinco adolescentes en España, con una prevalencia mayor en chicas que en chicos, similar a otros países europeos. Esta experiencia puede impactar gravemente en la salud mental y el desarrollo, siendo el Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad (TLP) una consecuencia destacada. En el presente estudio se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática siguiendo la metodología PRISMA, con el objetivo de analizar los resultados de aquellos trabajos publicados en la última década (2013-2023) sobre la relación entre el abuso sexual en la infancia y el diagnóstico de TLP. La finalidad de esta revisión es proporcionar a los profesionales hispanoparlantes una actualización sobre esta relación para mejorar su conocimiento y práctica clínica. De un total de 439 artículos, 27 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. De las conclusiones destacamos que el abuso sexual en la infancia es un factor asociado significativamente con el desarrollo del TLP en la adolescencia, aunque la polivictimización parece su predictor más fiable. En cuanto a la prevalencia, el abuso sexual es más frecuente en muestras clínicas y judiciales, especialmente en mujeres. La revisión concluye que la violencia sexual en la infancia es un factor relevante en el desarrollo del TLP, siendo fundamental evaluarlo en las consultas clínicas iniciales debido a su impacto en la salud mental.
Personality predicts internalizing symptoms and quality of life in police cadets: A comparison of artificial intelligence and parametric approaches
(BioMed Central, 2025-07-04) Buades-Rotger, Macià; Martínez Catena, Ana; Recio, Guillermo; Cano Gallent, Mireia; Niñerola, Jordi, 1977-; Figueras Masip, Anna, 1974-; Gallardo-Pujol, David
Background: Police cadets undergo persistent and elevated stress due to continuous training and evaluation. Identifying resilience and risk factors in this population can thus crucially inform management decisions within the police force. Here, in two large cohorts of police cadets (n=1069, 30% women and n=1377, 35% women) we investigated whether broad personality traits could predict internalizing symptoms (somatization, depression, and anxiety) as well as mental health-related quality of life (MHRQoL). Moreover, we compared seven popular artificial intelligence and linear regression models (Elastic Net, General Linear Model, Lasso Regression, Neural Networks, Random Forests, and Support Vector Regression) in predicting MHRQoL as a function of all other variables. Results: A Random Forest accounted for about half of the observed variance in MHRQoL, and outperformed all other models by up to 12% in an out-of-sample cross-validation. In all analyses, emotional stability emerged as the primary personality trait linked to MHRQoL, with anxiety and somatization symptoms partially mediating this relationship. Conclusions: Our findings delineate the personality factors that best predict internalizing symptoms and MHRQoL among cadets, and tentatively suggest that Random Forest models might be a powerful forecasting tool in police management.
Evaluación de la victimización en la infancia y adolescencia: un enfoque desde la victimología del desarrollo en España
(Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos, 2026) Pereda Beltran, Noemí; Greco, Ana Martina; Montiel Juan, Irene
A pesar de los avances legislativos y sociales, la violencia contra niños, niñas y adolescentes sigue siendo un problema de salud pública poco abordado con herramientas de evaluación específicas. Este artículo examina la prevalencia de la victimización infantil y adolescente en España evaluada a través del Cuestionario de Victimización Juvenil (JVQ) desde la perspectiva de la victimología del desarrollo. Este instrumento permite evaluar múltiples formas de violencia (por delitos comunes, maltrato por cuidadores, entre iguales, sexual, comunitaria y electrónica) desde la perspectiva de los propios menores. Se analizan diversas versiones del JVQ adaptadas al contexto español y se presentan datos obtenidos en diferentes comunidades y grupos de riesgo. Los resultados muestran una alta prevalencia de polivictimización, especialmente en adolescentes en contextos clínicos, judiciales y de protección. Se concluye que es urgente mejorar la detección temprana y la evaluación de la violencia infantil mediante herramientas adaptadas y fundamentadas en la victimología del desarrollo, así como ampliar la investigación a poblaciones vulnerables y menores de 12 años. Se destaca también la necesidad de trasladar estos hallazgos e instrumentos a la práctica profesional y al diseño y evaluación de políticas públicas.
Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents in Europe: A Systematic Review
(SAGE Publications, 2021) Benavente, Beatriz; Díaz-Faes, Diego A.; Ballester Brage, Lluís; Pereda Beltran, Noemí
Objectives: The objective of this review is to provide a systematic and critical summary of findings regarding empirical studies conducted on commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) in Europe. The purpose is to gain an understanding of the characteristics and main topics addressed in European research on CSEC, identify gaps, and give suggestions for future studies. Method: The review was guided by the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis¿Protocols'. A comprehensive search on several databases was conducted to identify published and unpublished empirical research on CSEC in Europe, revealing 3,846 documents. In total, 56 research papers that focused specifically on CSEC in European samples were included. Synthesis: Research concerning European studies of CSEC and trafficking for purposes of sexual exploitation has developed significantly over the last 20 years but is still rather limited and mainly focused on the UK and Sweden. Most of the studies reviewed suffer from important methodological flaws such as an inaccurate definition of the phenomenon analyzed, small and convenience samples, and nonvalidated and nonspecific instruments. Conclusions: Findings from this study demonstrate the need for greater exploration and research around a number of areas of sexual exploitation of children in Europe. Further work is necessary in terms of capacity building, training, and awareness-raising for society as a whole and, specifically, professionals providing direct support to children and young people at risk of exploitation.

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