Articles publicats en revistes (Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia)

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Body ownership and vicarious Agency: Behavioural consequences in a virtual reality rock concert
(Elsevier, 2025-08-01) Itatani, Reiya; Senel, Gizem; Topcu, A. Sencer; Slater, Mel
Illusory body ownership, the sense that a life-sized virtual body seen from first person perspective (1PP) in virtual reality (VR), is your body, is a well-established result. Previous work has demonstrated that illusory body ownership also results in vicarious agency over actions of the virtual body (VB). Moreover, how those actions are carried out influences later real life behaviour. In our study participants entered a VR depicting a dressing room before a concert performance, embodied from 1PP as the lead singer of a famous historical rock group. Their VB either moved synchronously with their own movements (n = 20), or asynchronously (n = 20). Those in the Synchronous condition had greater body ownership over the VB. Moreover, in a later appearance on stage in front of a virtual audience, those in the Synchronous condition had greater vicarious agency with respect to their VB, were more likely to adopt the guitar playing posture of the VB and carry out greater movements than those in the Asynchronous group. Hence body ownership in the context of 1PP over the VB with synchrony was associated with vicarious agency and also behaviour concomitant with the concert situation. These findings highlight the powerful impact of embodied experiences on agency and action.
Filicide and other child homicides in Spain: Comparing victim, offender, and crime characteristics
(Elsevier Ltd., 2026-12) Pereda Beltran, Noemí; Marsol, Alba; Arantegui-Arráez, Laura; Tamarit Sumalla, Josep M. (Josep Maria)
Background: Filicide is a rare but severe form of lethal violence against children. Although international research has identified several victim, offender, and contextual correlates, empirical evidence from Spain remains scarce and fragmented. Objective: This study aimed to describe filicide cases adjudicated in Spain and to examine how they differ from other child homicide cases. Participants and setting: The sample comprised 197 victim-based cases of completed or attempted homicide or murder involving victims under 18 years of age, adjudicated by Spanish Provincial Courts between 2016 and 2025. Of these, 116 were filicide cases and 81 were non-filicide child homicide cases. Methods: Judicial decisions were retrieved from the Spanish Judicial Documentation Centre. Information was extracted from the statement of proven facts and coded for victim, offender, and offense characteristics. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted to compare filicide with other child homicide cases. Results: Filicide victims were substantially younger than victims of other child homicides (M = 4.69 vs. 12.66 years; Welch's t(119.41) = 9.90, p < .001, Cohen's d = 1.614). Filicide cases were also more likely to involve female offenders (χ2 (2) = 57.43, p < .001, Cramer's V = 0.540), older first offenders (Welch's t(112.41) = 3.47, p < .001, Cohen's d = 0.588), completed offenses, murder classifications, and methods involving close interpersonal proximity or caregiving access. Conclusions: Filicide in Spain presents a distinctive victim–offender profile within lethal violence against children. Prevention efforts should address child maltreatment, mental health crises, domestic violence, and caregiving breakdown, with particular attention to infants and young children.
Savanna chimpanzee tool and fruit transfers facilitate the transmission of technological behaviours at Dindefelo, Senegal
(Frontiers Media, 2026-09-16) Sánchez-Megías, Andreu; Hernandez-Aguilar, R. Adriana; Barciela, Amanda; López-Leal, Kevin; Piccolella, Flavia; Galán-Plana, Carlota; Mirghani, Nadia; Llana, Manuel; Galbany i Casals, Jordi; Dotras, Laia; Renelies-Hamilton, Justin; Arroyo, Adrián
Social learning is a key factor in the transmission of technological behaviours amongst primates. We studied chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) social interactions in the context of tool and proto-tool use behaviours in the savanna site of Dindefelo, Senegal. Between 2017 and 2025, we obtained 14 h 58 min of camera trap footage at 14 locations where chimpanzees performed tool-use behaviours, namely algae fishing (for filamentous green algae: Zygnemataceae), ant dipping (for army ants: Dorylus sp.), and termite fishing (for termites: Macrotermitinae). We also obtained 30 min of camera trap footage at 11 locations where chimpanzees carried baobab (Adansonia digitata) fruit, which they pound against stationary anvils (i.e., proto-tools), a behaviour called baobab pounding. In total, we recorded 33 tool transfers and four fruit transfers. Transfers occurred mostly between mothers and their offspring. Most tool transfers were recoveries and tolerated takes. We compared the behaviour of initial tool possessors and tool recipients 30 s after and 30 s before each transfer. We excluded recoveries because in these cases the initial possessor does not interact with the recipient before abandoning the tool. We fitted Linear Mixed-Effects Models to test whether initial possessors and recipients exhibited different proportions of time using tools, insertions per second, and mouthfuls per second, after versus before a transfer. Initial possessors spent a significantly lower proportion of time using tools and performed significantly fewer insertions per second after transferring a tool, whereas recipients spent a significantly higher proportion of time using tools, and performed significantly more insertions and mouthfuls per second after receiving a tool. In addition, we detail two cases that highlight social learning of technological behaviours, in the context of ant dipping and baobab pounding, respectively. In line with previous research, we found that tool transfer constitutes a type of teaching in Dindefelo. Our results support the idea that teaching and facilitation, mainly from mothers, contribute to the acquisition of technological skills in immature chimpanzees.
Cognition in older adults with bipolar disorder: An ISBD task force systematic review and meta-analysis based on a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment
(John Wiley & Sons, 2022-03-01) Montejo Egido, Laura; Torrent Font, Carla; Jiménez Martínez, Esther; Martínez-Arán, Anabel, 1971-; Blumberg, Hilary P.; Burdick, Katherine E.; Chen, Peijun; Dols, Annemiek; Eyler, Lisa T.; Forester, Brent P.; Gatchel, Jennifer R.; Gildengers, Ariel; Kessing, Lars Vedel; Miskowiak, Kamilla W.; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Patrick, Regan; Schouws, Sigfried; Radua, Joaquim; Bonnín Roig, Caterina del Mar; Vieta i Pascual, Eduard, 1963-; International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Older Adults with Bipolar Disorder (OABD) Task Force
Objectives We aim to characterize the cognitive performance in euthymic older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD) through a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to obtain a detailed neuropsychological profile. Methods We conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE/Pubmed, Cochrane, and PsycInfo databases. Original studies assessing cognitive function in OABD (age ≥50 years ) containing, at a minimum, the domains of attention/processing speed, memory, and executive functions were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to summarize differences between patients and matched controls in each cognitive domain. We also conducted meta-regressions to estimate the impact of clinical and socio-demographic variables on these differences. Results Eight articles, providing data for 328 euthymic OABD patients and 302 healthy controls, were included in the meta-analysis. OABD showed worse performance in comparison with healthy controls, with large significant effect sizes (Hedge's g from −0.77 to −0.89; p < 0.001) in verbal learning and verbal and visual delayed memory. They also displayed statistically significant deficits, with moderate effect size, in processing speed, working memory, immediate memory, cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency, psychomotor function, executive functions, attention, inhibition, and recognition (Hedge's g from −0.52 to −0.76; p < 0.001), but not in language and visuoconstruction domains. None of the examined variables were associated with these deficits. Conclusions Cognitive dysfunction is present in OABD, with important deficits in almost all cognitive domains, especially in the memory domain. Our results highlight the importance of including a routine complete neuropsychological assessment in OABD and also considering therapeutic strategies in OABD.
In their own words: A qualitative focus group study of resilience in bipolar disorder
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-12-15) Clougher, Derek; Hidalgo Mazzei, Diego; Miskowiak, Kamilla W.; Garcia Diaz, Cesar; Martínez-Arán, Anabel, 1971-; Vieta i Pascual, Eduard, 1963-; Amoretti Guadall, Silvia; Torrent Font, Carla
Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a debilitating mood disorder. Empowering people to live well in the context of their illness represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Resilience research offers potential opportunities to address these complexities, yet debates regarding its definition and operationalisation limit interpretations of findings and future study designs. Including the voices of patients in this debate is crucial to understand resilience from a nuanced, multidimensional perspective. Method We aimed to understand how patients with BD experienced resilience. Four focus groups including a total of 39 people with BD were held. Data was analysed using reflective thematic analysis. Results Four central themes and twelve subthemes related to resilience in BD emerged: (1) illness course – subthemes: chronic illness stages, tools and knowledge via lived experience, and pressure of successful stability; (2) self-awareness – subthemes: accepting diagnosis, embracing inevitable downfalls, self-exploration; (3) coping and growth strategies – subthemes: emotional first-aid kit, routine and available resources, and cultivating optimism; (4) support networks – subthemes: positive support outlets, communication and disclosure of needs, and stigma and rejection. Conclusions The themes and subthemes highlight the need to assess and address resilience in BD given the unique challenges faced by people with this chronic condition. The insights from this qualitative study provide opportunities to redefine currently limited definitions and measurement of resilience in this population.
Cognitive Performance in Older-Age Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study of Anticholinergic Load and Clinical Characteristics
(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2026-07-31) Pardossi, Simone; Solé Cabezuelo, Brisa; Ruiz Muñoz, Andrea; Bort, Marta; Rodríguez-Rey, Arturo; Espluga Gálvez, Ainara; González Campos, Meritxell; Valentí Ribas, Marc; Fico, Giovanna; Murru, Andrea; Sánchez Moreno, José; Martínez-Arán, Anabel, 1971-; Fagiolini, Andrea; Vieta i Pascual, Eduard, 1963-; De Prisco, Michele; Montejo Egido, Laura
Background Cognitive deficits are one of the core features of older-age bipolar disorder (OABD). Psychotropic medications may influence cognition, especially in older populations, where anticholinergic effects are relevant. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the potential impact of anticholinergic load on cognitive performance in individuals with OABD. Methods One hundred and twenty-one euthymic or partially remitted OABD patients were included. Cognitive performance was assessed using a neuropsychological battery and summarized into attention, processing speed, working memory, visual and verbal memory, and executive functions. Anticholinergic load was assessed using the CRIDECO Anticholinergic Load Scale (CALS), and pharmacological burden was quantified using the defined daily dose (DDD). Associations were examined using hierarchical multivariable linear regression models, considering also relevant clinical covariates. Results The interaction between CALS and DDD was associated with lower visual and verbal memory scores (p = 0.04). Age was inversely associated with cognitive performance across all domains (all p < 0.01). A higher number of manic episodes was associated with poorer attention, visual and verbal memory, and processing speed (all p < 0.01). Lifetime psychotic symptoms were associated with worse working memory (p = 0.02), and higher diazepam-equivalent doses were associated with worse visual and verbal memory performance (p = 0.02). Conclusions Although anticholinergic medications may contribute to cognitive burden, their impact appears dose-related and limited compared with the broader influence of illness-related factors. In OABD patients, prioritizing the management of illness-related characteristics alongside careful pharmacological management may therefore be crucial for preserving cognitive functioning.
Non-suicidal self-injury as a behavioural addiction: A Systematic review
(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025-07-01) Carenys, Aina Zhe; Adan Puig, Ana
Purpose of the Review Despite the growing interest in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) research over the past decades, there is no comprehensive synthesis of findings on whether this behaviour should be considered an addiction. This study carries out a systematic review of theoretical and experimental studies to evaluate the empirical evidence supporting the addictive nature of NSSI. Recent Findings In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, 36 studies were selected from a search across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, covering publications from 2000 to November 2024. This review suggests that the subjective experiences of individuals who self-injure, the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, and some relevant assessment instruments, all point to there being addictive characteristics in NSSI. These characteristics include compelling urges, altered control, and behaviour intensification. Neurobiological findings, particularly those involving the endocannabinoid and opioid systems, support the addictive-like nature, with tolerance being a key mediating factor that leads to the NSSI cyclical structure. Additionally, findings related to brain activity, connectivity, and gene expression also hint at similarities between NSSI and addictive disorders, suggesting some shared mechanisms. Summary Existing research on NSSI emphasises its potentially addictive nature. The subjective experiences of those who self-injure together with diagnostic criteria and neurobiological findings, collectively support the conceptualization of NSSI from an addictive model. While further studies are needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and factors contributing to addictive patterns in NSSI, this perspective has significant implications for the prevention and treatment of NSSI.
Evaluación del Cambio Identitario Mediante la Autocaracterización: Aplicación en una Intervención Basada en la Identidad Para Jóvenes con Depresión y Ansiedad
(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 2026-07-01) Narváez-Villarreal, Juan Francisco; Feixas i Viaplana, Guillem
[spa] La autocaracterización es una técnica constructivista de carácter narrativo, propuesta por George Kelly, que permite explorar la identidad personal desde una posición de autodistanciamiento. Este estudio examina su potencial para evaluar el cambio identitario a lo largo de un proceso psicoterapéutico y su relación con el cambio clínico. Se compararon las autocaracterizaciones iniciales y finales de dos jóvenes con depresión y ansiedad que participaron en una intervención terapéutica basada en la identidad. El análisis se realizó desde un enfoque idiográfico kellyano, centrado en la narrativa del sí mismo, y desde un enfoque nomotético basado en el modelo de rasgos HEXACO. El análisis kellyano identificó cambios en la manera de narrar el sí mismo entre el inicio y el final del proceso terapéutico. El análisis HEXACO mostró variaciones principalmente en los rasgos de apertura a la experiencia y emocionalidad, acompañadas de una reducción de los síntomas emocionales. Se discute el valor de la autocaracterización como una herramienta que permite capturar la identidad en momentos de relevancia clínica y explorar el cambio identitario de manera integrada, articulando enfoques idiográficos y nomotéticos. Este uso constituye solo una de las múltiples posibilidades que ofrece esta técnica para el estudio del cambio humano en psicología. [eng] Self-characterization is a constructivist technique of a narrative nature, proposed by George Kelly, that allows for the exploration of personal identity from a position of self-distancing. This study examines its potential to assess identity change throughout a psychotherapeutic process and its relationship with clinical change. Initial and final self-characterizations were compared in two young people with depression and anxiety who participated in an identity-based therapeutic intervention. The analysis was conducted from an idiographic Kellyan approach, focused on the narrative of the self, and from a nomothetic approach based on the HEXACO personality trait model. Through the Kellyan analysis, changes were identified in the way the self was narrated between the beginning and the end of the therapeutic process. The HEXACO analysis showed variations mainly in the traits of Openness to Experience and Emotionality, accompanied by a reduction in emotional symptoms. The value of self-characterization is discussed as a tool that allows for the capture of identity at moments of clinical relevance and for the exploration of identity change in an integrated manner, articulating idiographic and nomothetic approaches. This use constitutes only one of the multiple possibilities offered by this technique for the study of human change in psychology.
Exploring the Intersection of Self-Reported Victimization and Offending: Risk Profiles Among a Representative Sample of Spanish Adolescents
(Taylor & Francis, 2026) Pereda Beltran, Noemí; Guerra, Cristóbal
The study examines profiles of adolescents based on their experiences of victimization and perpetration over the past 12 months using a representative sample of 4,024 Spanish youth aged 14–17 (M = 15.24; SD = 1.56). Participants were assessed on sociodemographic variables, moral emotions, victimization experiences, violent behavior perpetration, alcohol and pornography consumption, and runaway behavior. Four distinct clusters were identified: “no violence” (59.4%), “victimization only” (32.0%), “polyvictimization and perpetration” (8.1%), and “polyvictimization and polyperpetration” (0.5%). Significant demographic differences emerged, particularly in gender, with males overrepresented in groups involving perpetration. Victim- offenders exhibited elevated levels of risk factors, including moral disengagement, alcohol and pornography use, and runaway tendencies. These findings highlight the nuanced relationships between victimization and perpetration. Adolescents in the most severe profiles (polyvictimization and polyperpetration) were at greater risk of antisocial behaviors. The study emphasizes the necessity for targeted interventions that address the specific needs of each profile. Policymakers and practitioners must design prevention and social intervention programs that consider these diverse profiles, focusing on the intricate interplay between victimization, perpetration, and associated risk factors. These efforts are crucial for mitigating the development of antisocial behavior and providing support to juvenile victims and offenders.
The Being Method: A Novel Intervention Programme for Emotional Distress Management Through Self-Compassion and Compassion
(Wiley, 2026-03) Bassas, Marina; Grané-Morcillo, Jaume; Segura Bernal, Jordi; Herrero, Olga (Herrero Esquerdo); Soldevilla Alberti, Joan Miquel
Background: Cultivating a compassionate mind has been shown to alleviate and prevent psychological difficulties. Compassion-based approaches, such as compassion-focused therapy (CFT) and mindfulness-based self-compassion (MSC), have expanded rapidly in recent decades. This study introduces the being method (BM), a novel compassion-based programme integrating Buddhist philosophy and contemporary psychology, focusing on fostering self-compassion and compassion. Methods: A non-randomised, wait list controlled, quasi-experimental pre-post design was employed. Participants were 47 women aged 18–53 years (M = 36.02, SD = 11.86), recruited from personal growth contexts within a non-clinical population. They were allocated to an intervention group (n = 25) or a wait list control group (n = 22). Measurements included the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (CEAS), Peace of Mind Scale (PoMS), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Coping Response Inventory (CRI-A), and Cognitive-Behavioural Strategies Evaluation Scale (MOLDES). Results: Significant improvements were observed in (self-)compassion, peace of mind, happiness, and stress coping and cognitive-emotional strategies among intervention participants compared with controls. Effect sizes ranged from medium to large. Self-esteem did not change significantly. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the BM as a feasible and effective intervention for promoting emotional balance and personal growth through (self-)compassion, highlighting its contribution to mental health promotion and well-being.
Levels and changes in cognitive, mental, and physical health as correlates of attitudes to aging in very old age
(Frontiers Media, 2025-07-11) Sabatini. Serena; Numbers, Katya; Kochan, Nicole A.; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Brodaty, Henry
Introduction: Studies investigating the associations between change in health indicators and multidimensional measures of self-perceptions of aging in very old age are scarce. This study investigated whether levels of and 12-year changes in objective and subjective indicators of cognitive, mental, and physical health explain variance in the self-perceptions of aging of very old individuals at follow-up. Methods: Participants were 174 individuals enrolled in the Australian Memory and Aging Study (mean age = 87.41; SD = 3.67; 60% women). As health indicators, we used global cognition, the Memory Assessment Clinic Questionnaire, the Goldberg Anxiety Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale, number of diagnosed health conditions, and self-rated health. Self-perceptions of aging were assessed with the Laidlaw Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire, which comprises three subscales capturing perceived psychological growth, psychosocial loss, and positive physical change. Simple and multivariable linear regression models were estimated. Results: Cross-sectionally, in multivariable linear regression models, more anxiety symptoms were associated with higher psychosocial loss (R2 = 6%) and higher self-rated health (R2 = 14%) was associated with higher perceived positive physical change. Cognition was not significantly associated with attitudes to aging subscales. Longitudinally, less increase in depressive symptoms was associated with less perceived psychosocial loss (R2 = 5%) and with greater perceived positive physical change (R2 = 11%). Conclusion: Self-perceptions of aging in different domains are cross-sectionally associated with different health indicators. However, among cognitive, mental, and physical health indicators, changes in depressive symptoms are the most correlated with perceived psychosocial loss in very old age.
Digital strategies and behavior change techniques for preventing sexually transmitted infections: Protocol for an overview of systematic reviews Estrategias digitales y técnicas de cambio de comportamiento para la prevención de infecciones de transmisión sexual: protocolo para una revisión de revisiones sistemáticas
(2025-03-01) Duarte-Anselmi, Giuliano; Sanduvete-Chaves, Susana; López-Arenas, Daniel; Chacón-Moscoso, Salvador
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a leading cause of premature mortality, with unsafe sex as a predominant risk factor. Changing risky sexual behaviors and adopting healthy habits is key to preventing STIs, including HIV, essential for public health. Technological advances in digital interventions have revealed significant opportunities, and systematic reviews have evaluated their effectiveness. These digital interventions, using technologies such as mobile phones, apps, and wearable devices, have shown great potential to reduce STIs, particularly among young people, who are a key population for their implementation.
Psychological consequences and daily life adjustment for victims of intimate partner violence
(SAGE Publications, 2023-01) Cirici Amell, Roser; Riera Soler, Aloma; Cobo Gómez, J. V.; Soldevilla Alberti, Joan Miquel
Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a distressing reality worldwide. Victims of IPV usually experience long-term mental health disorders and maladjustments in their daily lives. Aims: To examine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder in female victims of IPV that participated in a public mental health care program, and to analyze the relationships between the type of IPV exposure, its psychological consequences, and daily life adjustment. Method: Up to 164 female victims of IPV referred by their primary care doctors to the Adult Mental Health Centre of Sant Cugat del Vallès (Barcelona) between 2010 and 2016 were evaluated using several tests (Index of Spouse Abuse - ISA, Beck Depression Inventory - BDI-II, Sate-Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI, the Maladjustment Scale - MS, and the Severity Symptom Scale for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder - EGS). Results: Of the 164 referred women, 102 (62.2%) agreed to participate (mean age 44.98 years, range 19–71) and 73% scored above the cut-off point in the physical IPV dimension (ISA). Moreover, 73% had depression symptoms, 77% trait anxiety, and 87% state anxiety altered scores. Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was also high (87%). IPV interfered significantly in all the aspects of the daily lives of 92% of the sample. Conclusions: The participants of the study experienced many psychological symptoms and a high level of interference with all aspects of their daily lives. These consequences were of similar magnitude amongst victims of emotional abuse compared to those who suffered physical violence.
Association between symptomatic profile and remission following antidepressant treatment in unipolar major depression
(Elsevier B.V., 2013) Navarro, Valentín; González, Alejandro; Guarch, Joana; Penadés Rubio, Rafael; Torra, Mercè; Fañanás Saura, Lourdes; Arias Sampériz, Bárbara; Serra, Maria; Pintor Pérez, Luis; Gastó Ferrer, Cristóbal
Background: To evaluate, in patients affected by an acute major depressive episode, what predictive value certain baseline psychopathological characteristics have with regard to expected therapeutic remission following biological antidepressant treatment (pharmacological/electroconvulsive; non-psychological). Methods: Six predefined psychopathological characteristics in acute major depressive episode were evaluated using a logistic regression model through a protocolised antidepressant treatment to assess their predictive value with regard to expected remission rate. Results: The final study sample consisted of 129 subjects affected by an acute major depressive episode. From the baseline evaluation of the anguish/restlessness, reduced emotional reactivity, reduced attention, reduced motor response, feeling of worthlessness, and mood characteristics items, it was possible to correctly classify 88.1% of the sample as remitter/non-remitter with sensitivity of 0.77 and specificity of 0.96. Addition of the 17-item HRSD baseline variable to the regression model increased the capacity for correct classification of the baseline sample by only 0.09%. Limitations: Protocolised antidepressant treatment was used. The results of this study may not be generalisable to pharmacological treatments not included in this protocol. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that certain baseline psychopathological characteristics (and perhaps other clinical variables too) of the acute major depressive episode may be of great use in establishing patient subgroups according to expected clinical remission to the administration of biological antidepressant treatment. This could have considerable consequences for individualised therapeutic decision-making and for future researches (clinical trials included).
Changes in plasma and platelet BDNF levels induced by S-citalopram in major depression
(Elsevier B.V., 2011) Serra-Millàs, Montserrat; López Vilchez, Irene; Navarro, Valentín; Galán, Ana María; Escolar Albaladejo, Ginés; Penadés Rubio, Rafael; Catalán Campos, Rosa; Fañanás Saura, Lourdes; Arias Sampériz, Bárbara; Gastó Ferrer, Cristóbal
OBJECTIVES: Compare BDNF levels in depressed patients and healthy controls in platelet poor plasma and in washed platelets. Observe the effects of 8 and 24 week treatment with S-citalopram on these levels. METHODS: We assessed the levels of BDNF in platelet poor plasma and in washed platelets from 18 major depression patients, and compared them with 14 healthy controls. Blood samples were obtained from patients before and during treatment (8 and 24 weeks) with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, S-citalopram. RESULTS: A significant decrease in severity of depressive symptoms was observed from the first month of treatment with S-citalopram, and symptoms continued decreasing until the 6th month. Plasma BDNF levels in untreated patients appeared significantly increased (p<0.01), but reached values similar to those of controls at the 24th week. In contrast, levels of platelet BDNF appeared significantly decreased (p<0.05), but treatment also normalized levels so that values obtained were equivalent to those of controls. CONCLUSIONS: Untreated depressed patients showed increased plasma BDNF levels and decreased platelet BDNF levels, as compared with control subjects, and tend to normalize during treatment with S-citalopram for 24 weeks, with BDNF reaching levels similar to those in healthy controls at the 24th week in both samples. We observed that improvement in depressive symptoms was accompanied by normalization of plasma and platelet BDNF levels.
Mental Health Screening Tools for Cancer Patients, and Their Caregivers: An Umbrella Review
(John Wiley & Sons, 2026-04-01) Ciria Suárez, Laura; Heifez, Melissa; Martín Parra, Sara; Durosini, Ilaria; Monzani, Dario; Coppini, Veronica; Ferrari, Maria Vittoria; Rutenkröger, Mareike; Lange, Marie; Paillard-Brunet, Guilhem; Dodlek, Nikolina; Charalambous, Andreas; van der Weijst, Lotte; Mollo, Oscar; Pravettoni, Gabriella; Ochoa Arnedo, Cristian
Background: Cancer negatively affects patients' physical status as well as their mental health, increasing the burden of family members and caregivers as well. Thus, the screening of psychological and cognitive functioning is key for the referral to mental health specialists. Aim: Identify available and validated screening tools to assess psychological, psychosocial and cognitive impairment in cancer patients (adults and children), caregivers and family members. Methods: An umbrella review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The search strategy was applied to five databases. Reviewers screened titles/abstracts, and the articles included in this initial phase were retrieved for full-text assessment. All conflicts during the screening phase were discussed, and a third reviewer was consulted if discrepancies were not solved. A narrative synthesis and tabulated summaries of results were conducted. Results: A total of 2304 records were initially identified through systematic searches. Following screening and eligibility assessment, 67 systematic reviews were included. Across the included reviews, 586 different tools were identified and classified into nine thematic domains: (1) Anxiety and Depression, (2) General Mental Disorders, (3) Distress and Fear of Cancer Recurrence, (4) Body Image, Sexuality, and Self-Perception, (5) Caregiving and Social Impact, (6) Cognitive Functioning, (7) Coping Assessment, (8) Unmet Needs, and (9) Other miscellaneous constructs. Conclusions: A wide variety of mental health screening tools are available, covering key psychosocial and cognitive aspects relevant to cancer care. Although most instruments were not specifically developed for oncological populations, many have been validated in this context and appear to perform adequately.
An Interview Study with Professionals on Shared Decision-Making in Child and Adolescent Mental Health
(Springer, 2026-04-01) Eiroá Orosa, Francisco José; Roura-Roca, Iona
Shared Decision-Making (SDM) is a paradigm that involves collaboration between healthcare professionals and service users to reach decisions jointly. This approach is based on the exchange of information, identification of service users’ values and preferences, analysis of treatment options, and consensus on an action plan. The present study aims to explore the beliefs and attitudes of mental health professionals regarding this model, in a context where its implementation has not yet begun in services for children and adolescents but is starting in the adult mental health system. A qualitative investigation was conducted through thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with eleven mental health professionals including social workers, psychologists and psychiatrists. While SDM offers potential benefits, its implementation entails a series of requirements, limitations, and dilemmas that must be addressed. In the child and adolescent context, it is particularly complex to establish specific ages for applying this model and to determine in which situations it is appropriate. The adoption of SDM would represent a significant advancement that could contribute to improving the experience of service users and align with social work values of empowerment and person-centred care.
Sexual exploitation among adolescents in residential care: Prevalence and implications for child protection
(Elsevier, 2026-06-09) Pereda Beltran, Noemí; Águila Otero, Alba
Background: Child sexual exploitation (CSE) is a major public health problem that disproportionately affects children and young people involved in the child welfare system. Objective: This study estimated the reported prevalence of CSE among adolescents in residential care facilities in a northern region of Spain and identified associated risk factors. Participants and setting: The sample included 119 adolescents (51.3% male, 45.4% female) aged 14–18 years (M = 15.95), residing in 26 residential care facilities across northern Spain. Methods: An ad hoc online questionnaire assessed (a) sociodemographic characteristics, (b) child protection history, (c) knowledge and perceptions of CSE, and (d) personal experiences of CSE. Results: Overall, 17.6% of participants in this regional sample reported experiencing some form of CSE in the past year. The most prevalent form was sharing sexual images or videos, followed by sexual intercourse and sexual touching. Compared with non-victims, those who experienced CSE were more likely to be female, to have run away from the residential facility, to have received prior CSE education, and to know someone involved in CSE. Conclusions: Findings underscore the urgent need for targeted prevention and intervention strategies addressing CSE among youth in residential care. Comprehensive approaches should include professional training, systematic screening and risk assessment, and direct interventions. These should be implemented through an intersectional framework that acknowledges multiple vulnerabilities and risk factors to better protect young people within the child welfare system.
Mapping the subcortical pathways associated with fear in the human brain: multiple thalamo-amygdala connections revealed by high-resolution tractography
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-07-15) Kosteletou-Kassotaki, Emmanouela; Mengxing, Liu; Cinca-Tomás, Martina T.; Paz-Alonso, Pedro María; Domínguez-Borràs, Judith
Influential models of emotion have proposed multiple direct subcortical pathways, often referred to as “low roads,” linking the thalamus to the amygdala and implicated in fear processing. While such pathways are anatomically well characterized in non-human animals, they have not yet been mapped in the human brain. Here, building on converging evidence from animal models, we provide a comprehensive anatomical characterization of distinct thalamo-amygdala pathways in 113 human participants. Using an advanced high-resolution tractography protocol, we reconstructed pathways originating from posterior, medial, and intralaminar thalamic nuclei and projecting to the basolateral amygdala (BLA). To evaluate their anatomical plausibility, we assessed test-retest reproducibility across sessions. Within the posterior thalamus, projections from the medial geniculate nucleus and the medial and inferior pulvinar to the BLA emerged as the strongest and most robust pathways. Within the medial thalamus, the mediodorsal nucleus showed a prominent connection to the BLA, characterized by a high number of streamlines and moderate-to-high reproducibility. Finally, projections from intralaminar thalamic nuclei were consistently identified but exhibited greater intersession variability and lower reproducibility. Together, these findings provide a unifying anatomical framework for multiple direct thalamo-amygdala pathways in the human brain contributing to the characterization of evolutionarily conserved systems potentially underlying affective processing.
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30)
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2021-12-01) Calderón Garrido, Caterina; Ferrando Piera, Pere Joan; Lorenzo Seva, Urbano; Ferreira García, Estrella; Lee, Eun Mi; Oporto Alonso, Marta; Obispo, Berta M.; Mihic-Góngora, Luka; Rodríguez-González, Adán; Jiménez Fonseca, Paula
Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the internal structure of the EORTC QLQ-C30, to examine the validity and normative data for cancer patients. Method Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to explore the scale’s dimensionality and test for strong measurement invariance across sex and tumor site. All the analyses were based on a multicenter cohort of 931 patients who completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) and the EORTC QLQ-C30. Results Our findings indicate that the EORTC QLQ-C30 has acceptable psychometric properties and an internal structure that is well accounted for a bifactor model: a general factor that evaluates quality of life and a group factor that would analyze physical health that would be defined by physical function, role function, and fatigue. The result of the multi-group CFA revealed a strong invariance according to sex, tumor, and over time. Reliability of the EORTC exceeding 0.86 and the simple sum of the items of the scale was a good indicator of oncology patients’ quality of life. Both factors correlate closely with depression, anxiety, and psychological distress and are sensitive to change, especially the quality of life, with a significant decrease in the post-test. Conclusion The Spanish version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 proved to be a valid, reliable instrument to appraise quality of life in cancer patients. The normative data collected from this study may be useful for the early detection of initial symptoms of deterioration of quality of life in oncology patients.

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