Articles publicats en revistes (Empresa)

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High-Frequency Trading, Short Squeeze and ARMA-GARCH-Fractal Neural Networks
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2026) Alaminos Aguilera, David; Salas Compas, M. Belén; Alaminos Aguilera, Estefanía
In recent years, short squeeze events, such as the GameStop case in early 2021, have gained prominence, highlighting the need for advanced analyses of such phenomena. While traditional econometric and neural network approaches have struggled with predictive accuracy, our study addresses these gaps by analyzing the GameStop short squeeze using high-frequency intraday market data. We propose a novel hybrid approach that integrates an Autoregressive Moving Average-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity model with Neural Networks, as well as exploiting fractal dynamics to capture multiscale temporal dependencies and hierarchical patterns in financial markets. This fractal framework effectively addresses the nonlinear and chaotic dynamics of the financial markets. Our methods deliver high predictive accuracy, with the ARMA-GARCH-Quantum approach standing out. This method highlights its greater adaptability and accuracy, proving the benefits of integrating fractal principles into predictive modeling. By enhancing adaptability and precision, this study contributes valuable tools for market forecasting and risk management, aiding regulators and financial managers in monitoring and mitigating abnormal price movements that could distort markets or spark crises.
Negotiating your way to the top: Conflict management by women leaders in family businesses
(Elsevier, 2027-02) Alvarado, Cristina (Alvarado Álvarez); Elgoibar Esteban, Patricia; Euwema, Martin
Family businesses are a fertile ground for women to take up different leader roles. The way up as well as functioning at the nexus of the business family and family business offer unique negotiation challenges. Women leaders play a central role in preserving family harmony while safeguarding business performance, acting as mediators in cases of intra-family conflict and developing their career as leaders. Traditionally oriented succession dynamics, inequality, and lack of legitimacy as business leaders and family leaders require specific and highlevel negotiation competencies. This review explores the structural and cultural challenges that women face in their family businesses as family members as well as the negotiating and conflict management competencies needed in both family and business.
Financial outcomes of organic and conventional farms in Spain (2015–2021). An agroecological perspective
(Taylor & Francis, 2026-04-19) Argilés Bosch, Josep M.; Parajuá Carpintero, Noelia; Martínez, José Luis; Bernardo Vilamitjana, Mercè; González de Molina, Manuel; Tello, Enric
Transforming agrifood systems is essential to meeting the Paris Agreement andaddressing environmental challenges. Yet Europe is experiencing a decline in smallfamily farms due to generational replacement issues, while farmer protests haveintensified since 2023 in opposition to EU agri-environmental measures. At the sametime, organic farming is expanding rapidly in Europe and worldwide, but there remains aknowledge gap on whether its financial performance is superior, comparable, or inferiorto conventional farming. This study addresses this gap through a multivariate statisticalanalysis of 62,588 farm-year observations from the Spanish Farm Accountancy DataNetwork between 2015 and 2021. We model several financial performance indicators,both including and excluding subsidies, while using several control variables across fullyorganic, partially organic, conventional, and transitioning farms. Results show that returnon assets, income per family labor, and other indicators were consistently higher orsimilar in fully organic farms compared with conventional ones, with even strongeroutcomes for partially organic farms. At no point did organic farms perform worse. Thesefindings suggest that distinct business models, cost structures, and trading strategies makeorganic farms more resilient and profitable, offering insights for agricultural sciences,policy, and public debate.
From technology adoption to digital transformation: a strategic framework for responsive operations and supply chain management
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2026-07-23) Iglesias-Pardo, Andrea Patricia; Nascimento, Daniel Luiz de Mattos; Caiado, Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmão; Moyano Fuentes, Jose; Maqueira Marín, Juan Manuel
This paper addresses the limited theory-driven understanding of how Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies can be effectively adopted to enhance responsiveness in operations and supply chain management (OSCM), particularly in terms of flexibility and agility. Drawing on a systematic literature review structured through the context–intervention–mechanism–outcome (CIMO) logic, this paper develops a conceptual framework that integrates the diffusion of innovation (DOI) and dynamic capabilities (DC) theories. This framework conceptualises digital transformation as a cumulative learning process and introduces engagement as a supporting capability that links sensing, seizing, and transforming. A 14-step roadmap translates the framework into actionable steps for practice, and both the framework and roadmap were validated through expert focus groups to ensure applicability. This paper contributes to the theory by clarifying how DOI and DC jointly explain digital transformation in OSCM by providing structured guidance for orchestrating technology adoption and enhancing responsiveness.
Cost Behavior of Organic Versus Conventional Farms:Assessing Economic Resilience and the Ecological Dividend
(John Wiley & Sons, 2026-09-06) Argilés Bosch, Josep M.; García Blandón, Josep; Ravenda, Diego; Tello, Enric; González de Molina, Manuel; Parajuá Carpintero, Noelia; Nicoara-Popescu, Doriana
This study empirically examines the cost behavior in organic versus conventional farming to assess economic resilience. Using Spanish FADN data(2015–2021),results showorganicfarms exhibit higher cost elasticity during output increases and lower elasticity during decreases. This rigidity reflects a commitment to natural capital and agroecological dependencies. However, organic farms benefit from an “ecological dividend”—a baseline cost advantage derived from internal synergies and reduced reliance on external inputs—making them more competitive during typical fluctuations. This advantage persists until output variation thresholds of 40%–50% (increases) and 22%–29% (decreases) are reached, beyond which conventional systems adjust more flexibly. These findings support the economicviability of agroecology and suggest the needfor institutional safeguards against extreme shocks to protect sustainable production models.
Soft Quantum Kernels with Bias–Variance Optimization on Density Operator Manifolds
(Springer Verlag, 2026-08-07) Sáez Ortuño, Laura; Forgas Coll, Santiago; Sagarra Garcia, Martí; Isgrò, Valeria; Ferrara, Massimiliano
We introduce the Soft Quantum Kernel, a one-parameter family of positive-semidefinite kernels indexed by a softness parameter and obtained by replacing the pure-state density operator of a standard quantum kernel with the output of a depolarizing channel. The construction traces a convex chord on the manifold of density operators between the pure-state kernel and the maximally mixed state, and admits a closed-form expression that separates an informative component, controlled by , from a uniform regularizing floor. The kernel is shown to satisfy the Mercer property, and an exact bias–variance decomposition of the associated kernel-ridge estimator is derived. The effective degrees of freedom depend continuously on , so that the joint minimization of the expected prediction error over is a biconvex program admitting at least one interior stationary point under standard regularity, in which acts as a spectral regularizer complementary to the Tikhonov penalty. The softness parameter thus admits a transparent statistical interpretation: it shrinks the kernel spectrum multiplicatively while adding a rank-one component, so that the Soft Quantum Kernel is best read as an interpretable spectral regularization scheme rather than as a new kernel class. A computationally free rule fixes from the normalized Shannon entropy of an auxiliary uncertainty distribution and provides a principled entry point for cross-validated refinement. A multi-block extension is cast as a kernel-alignment problem over the unit simplex and admits a closed-form solution in the interior case. The framework is connected to Riemannian optimization on the cone of positive-definite matrices via the Bures–Wasserstein metric, linking the present results to geometric algorithms recently developed in this journal. Hardware validation on a superconducting quantum processor confirms that a Frobenius perturbation of the Gram matrix of order one fifth produces a downstream area-under-curve shift below one percent. We stress that the main experimental claim of the paper concerns the stability of the estimator under physical noise rather than its predictive accuracy; a Monte Carlo study on simulated data, including classical kernel and ensemble baselines, noise-injection experiments, and sensitivity analyses with respect to the initialization and the entropy binning, corroborates this claim in a controlled environment.
Quality-by-design as the pharmaceutical innovation paradigm: mapping the field and proposing a conceptual framework
(Elsevier, 2025-08-01) Hernández Vivanco, Alfonso Antonio; Vlaisavljevic, Vesna; Gonzalez Moragas, Laura; Santana, Mónica
Quality management (QM) and innovation practices are essential for business competitiveness, yet they often conflict when striving for radical advancements within complex innovation ecosystems. Amid this debate, the concept of Quality-by-Design (QbD) remains underexplored in management literature, despite its extensive development in technical fields. Taking the case of QbD in the pharmaceutical sector, this study aims at researching into its relationship with innovation, considering the interactions within the innovation ecosystem. We perform a bibliometric study, a selective content analysis combined with an assessment of the regulatory framework and relevant examples from the industry.
Redes economicas en los mercados de capital de los BRICS: perspectiva a través de la teoría de grafos
(Universidad Alberto Hurtado, 2026-05-21) Cortés Rufé, Marc; Marti Pidelaserra, Jordi; Kindelán, Cecilia
En el dinámico panorama económico global, las naciones BRICS, junto con países emergentes como Egipto, Arabia Saudita y los Emiratos Árabes Unidos, están transformando la integración comercial y financiera. Este estudio se centra en su alianza económica única, destacando la expansión de sus diversas economías. Utiliza la teoría de grafos para examinar la armonización de los perfiles de riesgo y rendimiento en varios mercados financieros, lo que indica un movimiento hacia una economía global más unificada. Si bien la integración trae consigo desafíos como la exposición a la volatilidad financiera global, la formulación estratégica de políticas macroeconómicas es crucial. Este análisis subraya la influencia significativa de estas economías en las tendencias económicas globales, enfatizando la necesidad de un diálogo continuo para su integración en el sistema financiero mundial. La investigación destaca la importancia de un análisis sofisticado por parte de los responsables de políticas, inversores y analistas para navegar en este complejo panorama económico.
Uncovering Systemic Risk in ASEAN Corporations: A Framework Based on Graph Theory and Hidden Models
(MDPI, 2025-05-13) Marc Cortés Rufé; Marti Pidelaserra, Jordi; Kindelán Amorrich, Cecilia
In the context of an ever-evolving global economy, ASEAN companies face dynamic systemic risk that reshapes their financial interrelationships. This study examines the transmission of these risks using advanced graph theory techniques, particularly the measurement of eigenvector centrality based on Euclidean distances, combined with a hidden model that incorporates macroeconomic variables, such as GDP. The research focuses on identifying critical nodes within the corporate network, evaluating their contagion potential—both in terms of reinforcing resilience and amplifying vulnerabilities—and analyzing the influence of external factors on the network’s structure and behavior. The findings offer an innovative framework for managing systemic risk and provide strategic guidelines for the formulation of economic policies in emerging ASEAN markets.
A contemporary perspective on Ethical Leadership: emerging dimensions and the role of Moral Identity and Moral Attentiveness
(Emerald Publishing, 2025-07-08) Gamarra, Maria Pilar; Girotto, Michele
This research aims to address a gap in the literature by validating the Ethical Leadership Scale (ELS) for leader self-assessment and examining the influence of moral characteristics, specifically moral identity (MI) and moral attentiveness (MA), on leaders' self-assessment of ethical leadership (EL). It also investigates the moderating roles of gender and functional areas, such as marketing and finance. The study comprised two comprehensive phases. In the first phase, we validated the ELS through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using SPSS 29.0, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with AMOS 29.0, and assessments of reliability and validity. In the second phase, we applied Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), using AMOS 29.0, to examine the relationships between MI, MA, and EL, drawing on data from 368 leaders in Spain working in finance and marketing roles. The sample was multisectoral, with substantial representation from the finance and technology industries. The results indicate that MI and MA play a significant role in improving leaders' self-assessment of EL. While gender did not substantially influence EL, differences were observed across functional areas. Additionally, the analysis uncovered three emerging EL dimensions (integrative decision-making, rewarding ethical behavior, and role model behavior), highlighting the continuous evolution of leadership ethics in response to contemporary challenges. The study is limited to a Spanish context and cross-sectional data. Future research should explore longitudinal and cross-cultural dimensions to generalize the findings further. Organizations can enhance ethical behavior by integrating MI and MA assessments into recruitment and training programs, fostering ethical decision-making and reinforcing role model behaviors among leaders. The study highlights the societal impact of ethical leadership by promoting transparency and fostering trust, which can lead to more sustainable and equitable organizational practices. This study introduces a novel validation of the ELS for self-assessment and uncovers new dimensions of EL. It is one of the first to examine the influence of MI and MA on EL from the leaders' perspective, offering fresh insights into ethical leadership's evolving framework.
Investing in Superheroes? Comic Art As a New Alternative Investment
(Portfolio Management Research, 2023) Bocart, Fabian Y.R.P.; Hafner, Christian M.; Kasperskaya, Yulia; Sagarra Garcia, Martí
We build quarterly and semi-annual indexes for American and European comic art based on a dataset of more than 106,000 comic art items sold at auction. We find that this new alternative investment can outperform US and European equities and bonds. Between 2002 and 2017, annualized returns of US comic artworks outperformed most asset classes with a solid 11% annualized return, while European comic art achieved 25% yearly returns on average after 2009. We show that comic art delivers significant diversification benefits to an investment portfolio due to low correlations with other assets and geographical diversification between European and American markets. These outcomes contrast with fine art in general, which delivered few diversification benefits when compared to equities and bonds between 2002 and 2017, and whose geographical markets are closely tied.
Private labels and consumer decision-making in Spain
(Emerald Publishing, 2025-10-23) Xancó-Grau, Sílvia; Vizuete Luciano, Emilio; Aymerich Martinez, Jordi; Alegret, Alejandro
Purpose Private labels (PLs) are experiencing rapid growth across Europe and the U.S., with Spain emerging as one of the leading markets, where retailers such as Mercadona have positioned PLs as category benchmarks. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing PL consumer behaviour in Spain, where PLs account for more than 45% of the market share. Design/methodology/approach We identified eight key dimensions of consumer perception and applied a multiple linear regression model to examine their relationship with customer loyalty and product category engagement. Findings The findings reveal a strong positive relationship between loyalty to PLs, the number of product categories purchased and the perceived importance of product quality. The results also highlight the effectiveness of retailers’ strategies in building PLs that compete on both variety and perceived value. Practical implications Beyond theoretical contributions, this study provides actionable insights for business and policy. For retailers, the findings emphasize the need to invest in consistent product quality, segmentation strategies and loyalty-building initiatives. For policymakers, the growth of PLs presents an opportunity to enhance consumer access to affordable, high-quality goods, foster market competitiveness and support household resilience amid economic uncertainty. Originality/value This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing PL consumer behaviour in Spain, where PLs account for more than 45% of the market share.
Twenty Years of Neuroinformatics: A Bibliometric Analysis
(Humana Press, 2025-01-22) Guillen Pujadas, Miguel; Alaminos Aguilera, David; Vizuete Luciano, Emilio; Merigó Lindahl, José M.; Van Horn, John D.
This study presents a thorough bibliometric analysis of Neuroinformatics over the past 20 years, offering insights into the journal’s evolution at the intersection of neuroscience and computational science. Using advanced tools such as VOS viewer and methodologies like co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, and keyword co-occurrence, we examine trends in publication, citation patterns, and the journal’s influence. Our analysis reveals enduring research themes like neuroimaging, data sharing, machine learning, and functional connectivity, which form the core of Neuroinformatics. These themes highlight the journal’s role in addressing key challenges in neuroscience through computational methods. Emerging topics like deep learning, neuron reconstruction, and reproducibility further showcase the journal’s responsiveness to technological advances. We also track the journal’s rising impact, marked by a substantial growth in publications and citations, especially over the last decade. This growth underscores the relevance of computational approaches in neuroscience and the high-quality research the journal attracts. Key bibliometric indicators, such as publication counts, citation analysis, and the h-index, spotlight contributions from leading authors, papers, and institutions worldwide, particularly from the USA, China, and Europe. These metrics provide a clear view of the scientific landscape and collaboration patterns driving progress. This analysis not only celebrates Neuroinformatics’s rich history but also offers strategic insights for future research, ensuring the journal remains a leader in innovation and advances both neuroscience and computational science.
Thirty Years of The Journal of Derivatives: A Bibliometric Overview
(Portfolio Management Research, 2025-03-01) Guillen Pujadas, Miguel; Alaminos Aguilera, David; Vizuete Luciano, Emilio; Merigó Lindahl, José M.
This article offers a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of The Journal of Derivatives over the past three decades. By leveraging tools like VOS viewer and methodologies such as co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, and keyword co-occurrence, we delve into publication trends, citation patterns, and the Journal’s influence within the derivatives and quantitative finance sectors. Our analysis uncovers enduring research themes, including option pricing, risk management, and financial modeling, underscoring the fundamental aspects of derivatives research. Additionally, recent trends such as high-frequency trading, credit risk, and stochastic volatility models reflect the field’s responsiveness to emerging technologies and innovative methodologies. We also trace the Journal’s fluctuating impact and visibility, noting a recent resurgence attributed to its high-quality research contributions and adaptability to evolving market needs. Key metrics, such as publication counts, citation analysis, and h-index, highlight leading authors, influential articles, and prominent institutions, providing a detailed overview of the quantitative finance landscape. This bibliometric analysis not only celebrates the rich history of The Journal of Derivatives but also guides future research directions, ensuring its continued contribution to the evolving landscape of derivatives and quantitative finance.
Unmasking i-deal practices in start-ups to attract, motivate and retain STEM employees
(Emerald Publishing, 2025-09-04) Sánchez-Turón, Irene; Elgoibar Esteban, Patricia; Cruz Cázares, Claudio
Purpose --This study examines the role of idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) in the understudied context of start-ups and explores their impact on attracting, motivating, and retaining high-value STEM employees, given start-ups’ significant economic and social contributions. Design/methodology/approach -- Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 participants, comprising 21 C-level executives and 21 employees from Spanish health technology start-ups. Data was analysed using the template analysis framework. Findings -- The study reveals that location and schedule flexibility are the most common i-deals in start-ups. Development i-deals typically involve training from external advisors or events. Task i-deals are frequent in the early stages, although radical task changes appear non-negotiable. Phantom shares emerge as a novel financial i-deal with significant research and practical implications. Overall, i-deals are crucial for attracting, motivating, and retaining top talent, which is essential for start-up continuity and performance. Originality/value -- This study applies social and resource exchange theories to pioneer i-deal research in start-ups, revealing how resource constraints shape their dynamics and broadening the scope of this field of study beyond large organisations and public institutions.
Consumo, Confianza y Credibilidad en los Medios de las distintas generaciones
(Grupo Comunicar, 2026-01-05) Rodríguez Rodríguez, Sergio; Rodríguez Ávila, Núria
Los medios de comunicación son un elemento clave en las sociedades. El consumo de los mismos es distinto entre las diferentes generaciones. La Generación Z y los Millenials son nativos digitales y entre ellos es preponderante el uso de internet y las redes sociales. Esta investigación analiza tanto el consumo de los medios como la confianza y credibilidad que suscitan entre las diferentes generaciones de españoles. Para ello se han utilizado fuentes secundarias y se ha complementado con una encuesta a 2.233 individuos de las generaciones estudiadas. Los resultados muestran que el consumo de la televisión sigue arraigado entre los más jóvenes y que el mundo digital es transversal. Ahora bien, la credibilidad de los medios tradicionales supera al de las redes sociales en las que encuentran problemas para distinguir entre información veraz y falsa.
Business model innovation from dynamic capabilities perspective: A systematic literature review
(Elsevier, 2025-11-30) Cruz Sánchez, Oscar; Cruz Cázares, Claudio; Hernandez-Vivanco, Alfonso
Business model innovation (BMI) is increasingly recognized as a key source of competitive advantage andorganizational performance. BMI is rooted in the dynamic capabilities (DC) perspective as an iterative processthat involves the reconfiguration of activities, competencies, and routines. Despite the growing body of researchon BMI, its relationship with DC remains fragmented. This study addresses this gap by systematically reviewing57 peer-reviewed articles, applying the Antecedents, Decisions, and Outcomes (ADO) framework alongside theTheories, Context, and Methods (TCM) framework. Our analysis advances understanding by proposing an integratedframework in which DC drive BMI as a continuous process. The study identifies strategic sensing,business model (re)configuration, resource alignment, and organizational learning as key processes within DCthat shape the BMI process. Additionally, two cross-cutting DC–managerial dynamic capabilities and stakeholderengagement–are highlighted as critical enablers. These findings offer actionable strategies for managers to fosterinnovation and effectively navigate environmental uncertainty.
A Predictive Information System: Harnessing Purchase Intent Signals Buried in Digital Data
(Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně, 2025) Sáez Ortuño, Laura; Forgas Coll, Santiago; Huertas García, Rubén; Sánchez García, Javier
E-commerce, whereby consumers are able to perform transactions easily online, has undergone rapid growth since its inception. Data mining with AI techniques, such as machine learning, can be a useful tool for market research in this field because it provides valuable information for the design of effective digital marketing strategies. This study examines how predictive information systems based on machine learning can improve the efficiency and competitiveness of e-commerce marketing. Using data from 5,389,731 users in Spain, we implement XGBoost to estimate purchase willingness across seven categories (insurance, hearing aids, NGOs, energy, gambling, telecommunications and finance). The supervised model is trained on historical conversions and behavioural–demographic variables, validated with holdout data, and deployed to score non-converted users. To complement algorithmic profiling with managerial insight, we conducted 63 qualitative interviews to uncover motivations by segment and category. XGBoost accurately predicts purchase likelihood when there is sufficient conversion depth, enabling granular segmentation and targeted promotion with reduced waste. The qualitative findings reveal distinct intrinsic and extrinsic drivers by product and declared sex, informing message framing and offer design. Taken together, the mixed-methods approach supports more efficient resource allocation, higher conversion rates and strengthened competitive positioning through data-driven segmentation and motivation-based personalisation. The contribution is twofold: a replicable, at-scale lead-scoring pipeline and actionable motivational maps for planning. Accordingly, this is an innovative, AI-enabled management method that increases efficiency, improves competitiveness and supports advantages in key processes, with multinational portability.
Exploring the link between work‑life balance and corporate financial performance across legal traditions
(Springer Nature, 2025-06-10) Maraqa, Ahmad; Argilés Bosch, Josep M.; Kasperskaya, Yulia
In this study, we examine the impact of work-life balance (WLB) on corporate financial performance (CFP) in a cross- national context, using employee reviews from Glassdoor.com for companies in various industries across 19 European countries between 2009 and 2021. We applied regression analysis to test the link between WLB and CFP and found a positive impact on CFP, as indicated by return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). Furthermore, we found that civil versus common law traditions do not have a noticeable effect on the efficacy of WLB in improving CFP. This chal- lenges the expectation that civil-law countries would have a more pronounced effect than those with a common-law tradition. Our study contributes to employee-wellbeing literature by examining the impact of work-life balance on firm financial performance in a cross-national context. Additionally, we add to the law and finance literature by examining the institutional factor and how it affects the relationship between employee welfare and firm performance. The current debate in the law and finance literature mainly focuses on the protection of investors as governed by legal rules. Our study sheds light on how similar mechanisms relate to the welfare of other stakeholders
Beyond manufacturing: Assessing theory adequacy in service firm’s internationalization entry mode choice
(Emerald Publishing, 2025-11) Espinet, Adriana; Miravitlles Matamoros, Paloma
Purpose – This study aims to determine the suitability of main theories in studying the internationalization of service firm’s entry mode by analyzing academic viewpoints. Design/methodology/approach – We analyze 307 articles in the domain of service internationalization through a combination of bibliometric and content analysis, focusing on the internationalization of service firms and their entry mode choices over four decades of literature. Findings – The results show that the debate on the adequacy of extant internationalization theories to the study of service firms is still not cut-and-dried. We provide insights on scholars’ positioning regarding the suitability of existing theoretical frameworks. Specifically, scholars support the adaptation of existing frameworks to study service firms, although there is little knowledge on how this adaptation should be tackled. Therefore, there is a clear interest in identifying, adjusting and creating frameworks that fit the particularities of the internationalization of service firms. Research limitations/implications – There is a clear overall interest in the literature in identifying, adjusting and creating frameworks that fit the particularities of the internationalization of service firms. Practical implications – The findings provide valuable insights for future researchers in selecting the most appropriate theoretical lens for studying the entry modes of service firms. Originality/value – This study examines scholars’ perspectives on the appropriateness of traditional theories for investigating the internationalization of service firms. Consequently, we shed light on the ongoing debate regarding the adequacy of international business theories in service firm research. To our knowledge, no other recent work has analyzed this issue from this particular standpoint.

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